Fashion

PERFUME

2009-09-23T23:49:00.000-07:00

Perfume is made up of alcohol, water & perfume (fragrance) oil.

It is a word that comes from Latin per fumum, which means "through smoke" (per means through, fumum means smoke).

There are 3 major types: oriental, floral & chypre (means "very sincere" in French). There are also many sub-variations such as woody, musky, aquatic, spicy & fruity.

perfume aroma produced by the essential oils of plants and by synthetic aromatics. The burning of incense that accompanied the religious rites of ancient China, Palestine, and Egypt led gradually to the personal use of perfume. In Greece, where flower scents were first developed, the use of perfume became widespread. In Rome perfume was used extravagantly. During the Middle Ages the Crusaders brought the knowledge of perfumery back to Europe from the East. It was at this time that animal substances were first added as fixatives— musk , ambergris , civet , and castoreum (from the beaver ). Italian perfumers settled in Paris (after 1500), and thereafter France became the leader of the industry. After 1500 scents became fashionable; both men and women wore an ornamental pomander or pouncet-box (dry-scent box), which hung from the waist. Each wealthy household had a "still

History

The word perfume used today derives from the Latin "per fumum", meaning through smoke. Perfumery, or the art of making perfumes, began in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt and was further refined by the Romans and Persians. Although perfume and perfumery also existed in India, much of its fragrances are incense based. The earliest distillation of Attar was mentioned in the Hindu Ayurvedic text Charaka Samhita. The Harshacharita, written in 7th century A.D. in Northern India mentions use of fragrant agarwood oil.

The world's first recorded chemist is considered to be a woman named Tapputi, a perfume maker who was mentioned in a cuneiform tablet from the second millennium BC in Mesopotamia.^[1] She distilled flowers, oil, and calamus with other aromatics then filtered and put them back in the still several times.^[2]

Recently, archaeologists have uncovered what are believed to be the world's oldest perfumes in Pyrgos, Cyprus. The perfumes date back more than 4,000 years. The perfumes were discovered in an ancient perfumery. At least 60 stills, mixing bowls, funnels and perfume bottles were found in the 43,000-square-foot (4,000 m²) factory.^[3] In ancient times people used herbs and spices, like almond, coriander, myrtle, conifer resin, bergamot, as well as flowers.^[4]

The Arabian chemist, Al-Kindi (Alkindus), wrote in the 9th century a book on perfumes which he named Book of the Chemistry of Perfume and Distillations. It contained more than a hundred recipes for fragrant oils, salves, aromatic waters and substitutes or imitations of costly drugs. The book also described 107 methods and recipes for perfume-making, and even the perfume making equipment, like the alembic, still bears its Arabic name^[5].

The Persian Muslim doctor and chemist Avicenna (also known as Ibn Sina) introduced the process of extracting oils from flowers by means of distillation, the procedure most commonly used today. He first experimented with the rose. Until his discovery, liquid perfumes were mixtures of oil and crushed herbs or petals, which made a strong blend. Rose water was more delicate, and immediately became popular. Both of the raw ingredients and distillation technology significantly influenced western perfumery and scientific developments, particularly chemistry.

Knowledge of perfumery came to Europe as early as the 14th century due partially to the spread of Islam. But it was the Hungarians who ultimately introduced the first modern perfume. Made of scented oils blended in an alcohol solution, the first modern perfume was made in 1370 at the command of Queen Elizabeth of Hungary and was known throughout Europe as Hungary Water. The art of perfumery prospered in Renaissance Italy, and in the 16th century, Italian refinements were taken to France by Catherine de' Medici's personal perfumer, Rene le Florentin. His laboratory was connected with her apartments by a secret passageway, so that no formulas could be stolen en route. France quickly became the European center of perfume and cosmetic manufacture. Cultivation of flowers for their perfume essence, which had begun in the 14th century, grew into a major industry in the south of France. During the Renaissance period, perfumes were used primarily by the wealthy to mask body odors resulting from infrequent bathing. Partly due to this patronage, the western perfumery industry was created. By the 18th century, aromatic plants were being grown in the Grasse region of France to provide the growing perfume industry with raw materials. Even today, France remains the centre of the European perfume design and trade.

Describing a perfume

The precise formulae of commercial perfumes are kept secret. Even if they were widely published, they would be dominated by such complex ingredients and odorants that they would be of little use in providing a guide to the general consumer in description of the experience of a scent. Nonetheless, connoisseurs of perfume can become extremely skillful at identifying components and origins of scents in the same manner as wine experts ^[6].

The most practical way to start describing a perfume is according to the elements of the fragrance notes of the scent or the family it belongs to, all of which affect the overall impression of a perfume from first application to the last lingering hint of scent.

Fragrance notes

Perfume is described in a musical metaphor as having three sets of 'notes', making the harmonious scent accord. The notes unfold over time, with the immediate impression of the top note leading to the deeper middle notes, and the base notes gradually appearing as the final stage. These notes are created carefully with knowledge of the evaporation process of the perfume.

Top notes: The scents that are perceived immediately on application of a perfume. Top notes consist of small, light molecules that evaporate quickly. They form a person's initial impression of a perfume and thus are very important in the selling of a perfume. Also called the head notes.
Middle notes: The scent of a perfume that emerges just prior to when the top notes dissipate. The middle note compounds form the "heart" or main body of a perfume and act to mask the often unpleasant initial impression of base notes, which become more pleasant with time. They are also called the "heart notes".
Base notes: The scent of a perfume that appears close to the departure of the middle notes. The base and middle notes together are the main theme of a perfume. Base notes bring depth and solidity to a perfume. Compounds of this class of scents are typically rich and "deep" and are usually not perceived until 30 minutes after application.

The scents in the top and middle notes are influenced by the base notes, as well the scents of the base notes will be altered by the type of fragrance materials used as middle notes. Manufacturers of perfumes usually publish perfume notes and typically they present it as fragrance pyramid, with the components listed in imaginative and abstract terms.

Olfactive families

Grouping perfumes, like any taxonomy, can never be a completely objective or final process. Many fragrances contain aspects of different families. Even a perfume designated as "single flower", however subtle, will have undertones of other aromatics. "True" unitary scents can rarely be found in perfumes as it requires the perfume to exist only as a singular aromatic material.

Classification by olfactive family is a starting point for a description of a perfume, but it cannot by itself denote the specific characteristic of that perfume. Traditional

The traditional classification which emerged around 1900 comprised the following categories:

Single Floral: Fragrances that are dominated by a scent from one particular flower; in French called a soliflore. (e.g. Serge Lutens' Sa Majeste La Rose, which is dominated by rose.)
Floral Bouquet: Containing the combination of several flowers in a scent.
Amber: A large fragrance class featuring the sweet slightly animalic scents of ambergris or labdanum, often combined with vanilla, flowers and woods. Can be enhanced by camphorous oils and incense resins, which bring to mind Victorian era imagery of the Middle East and Far East.
Wood: Fragrances that are dominated by woody scents, typically of agarwood, sandalwood and cedar. Patchouli, with its camphoraceous smell, is commonly found in these perfumes.
Leather: A family of fragrances which features the scents of honey, tobacco, wood and wood tars in its middle or base notes and a scent that alludes to leather.
Chypre: Meaning Cyprus in French, this includes fragrances built on a similar accord consisting of bergamot, oakmoss, patchouli, and labdanum. This family of fragrances is named after a perfume by François Coty. A notable example is Mitsouko (a popular name for girls in Japanese) by Guerlain.
Fougère: Meaning Fern in French, built on a base of lavender, coumarin and oakmoss. Houbigant's Fougère Royale pioneered the use of this base. Many men's fragrances belong to this family of fragrances, which is characterized by its sharp herbaceous and woody scent.

Modern

Since 1945, due to great advances in the technology of perfume creation (i.e., compound design and synthesis) as well as the natural development of styles and tastes; new categories have emerged to describe modern scents:

Bright Floral: combining the traditional Single Floral & Floral Bouquet categories.
Green: a lighter and more modern interpretation of the Chypre type, with pronounced cut grass and cucumber-like scents
Aquatic, Oceanic, or Ozonic: the newest category in perfume history, appearing in 1991 with Christian Dior's Dune. A very clean, modern smell leading to many of the modern androgynous perfumes. Generally contains calone, a synthetic scent discovered in 1966. Also used to accent floral, oriental, and woody fragrances.
Citrus: An old fragrance family that until recently consisted mainly of "freshening" eau de colognes, due to the low tenacity of citrus scents. Development of newer fragrance compounds has allowed for the creation of primarily citrus fragrances.
Fruity: featuring the aromas of fruits other than citrus, such as peach, cassis (black currant), mango, passion fruit, and others.
Gourmand: scents with "edible" or "dessert"-like qualities. These often contain notes like vanilla, tonka bean and coumarin, as well as synthetic components designed to resemble food flavors. An example is Thierry Mugler's Angel.

Fragrance wheel

The Fragrance wheel is a relatively new classification method that is widely used in retail and in the fragrance industry. The method was created in 1983 by Michael Edwards, a consultant in the perfume industry, who designed his own scheme of fragrance classification.The new scheme was created in order to simplify fragrance classification and naming scheme, as well as to show the relationships between each of the individual classes^[9].

The five standard families consist of Floral, Oriental, Woody, Fougère, and Fresh, with the former four families being more "classic" while the latter consisting of newer bright and clean smelling citrus and oceanic fragrances that have arrived due to improvements in fragrance technology. Each of the families are in turn divided into sub-groups and arranged around a wheel.

Aromatics sources

Plant sources

Plants have long been used in perfumery as a source of essential oils and aroma compounds. These aromatics are usually secondary metabolites produced by plants as protection against herbivores, infections, as well as to attract pollinators. Plants are by far the largest source of fragrant compounds used in perfumery. The sources of these compounds may be derived from various parts of a plant. A plant can offer more than one source of aromatics, for instance the aerial portions and seeds of coriander have remarkably different odors from each other. Orange leaves, blossoms, and fruit zest are the respective sources of petitgrain, neroli, and orange oils.

Bark: Commonly used barks includes cinnamon and cascarilla. The fragrant oil in sassafras root bark is also used either directly or purified for its main constituent, safrole, which is used in the synthesis of other fragrant compounds.
Flowers and blossoms: Undoubtedly the largest source of aromatics. Includes the flowers of several species of rose and jasmine, as well as osmanthus, plumeria, mimosa, tuberose, narcissus, scented geranium, cassie, ambrette as well as the blossoms of citrus and ylang-ylang trees. Although not traditionally thought of as a flower, the unopened flower buds of the clove are also commonly used. One orchid hybrid named "Miss Udorn Sunshine" is extracted for perfume.^[10] Other orchid flowers are not commercially used to produce essential oils or absolutes, except in the case of vanilla, an orchid, which must be pollinated first and made into seed pods before use in perfumery.
Fruits: Fresh fruits such as apples, strawberries, cherries unfortunately do not yield the expected odors when extracted; if such fragrance notes are found in a perfume, they are synthetic. Notable exceptions include litsea cubeba, vanilla, and juniper berry. The most commonly used fruits yield their aromatics from the rind; they include citrus such as oranges, lemons, and limes. Although grapefruit rind is still used for aromatics, more and more commercially used grapefruit aromatics are artificially synthesized since the natural aromatic contains sulfur and its degradation product is quite unpleasant in smell.
Leaves and twigs: Commonly used for perfumery are lavender leaf, patchouli, sage, violets, rosemary, and citrus leaves. Sometimes leaves are valued for the "green" smell they bring to perfumes, examples of this include hay and tomato leaf.
Resins: Valued since antiquity, resins have been widely used in incense and perfumery. Highly fragrant and antiseptic resins and resin-containing perfumes have been used by many cultures as medicines for a large variety of ailments. Commonly used resins in perfumery include labdanum, frankincense/olibanum, myrrh, Peru balsam, gum benzoin. Pine and fir resins are a particularly valued source of terpenes used in the organic synthesis of many other synthetic or naturally occurring aromatic compounds. Some of what is called amber and copal in perfumery today is the resinous secretion of fossil conifers.
Roots, rhizomes and bulbs: Commonly used terrestrial portions in perfumery include iris rhizomes, vetiver roots, various rhizomes of the ginger family.
Seeds: Commonly used seeds include tonka bean, carrot seed, coriander, caraway, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, cardamom, and anise.
Woods: Highly important in providing the base notes to a perfume, wood oils and distillates are indispensable in perfumery. Commonly used woods include sandalwood, rosewood, agarwood, birch, cedar, juniper, and pine. These are used in the form of macerations or dry-distilled (rectified) forms.

Animal sources

Ambergris: Lumps of oxidized fatty compounds, whose precursors were secreted and expelled by the Sperm Whale. Ambergris is commonly referred to as "amber" in perfumery and should not be confused with yellow amber, which is used in jewelry.
Castoreum: Obtained from the odorous sacs of the North American beaver.
Civet: Also called Civet Musk, this is obtained from the odorous sacs of the civets, animals in the family Viverridae, related to the Mongoose. The World Society for the Protection of Animals investigated African civets caught for this purpose.^[11]
Hyraceum: Commonly known as "Africa Stone," is the petrified excrement of the Rock Hyrax.^[12]
Honeycomb: From the honeycomb of the Honeybee. Both beeswax and honey can be solvent extracted to produce an absolute. Beeswax is extracted with ethanol and the ethanol evaporated to produce beeswax absolute.
Musk: Originally derived from the musk sacs from the Asian musk deer, it has now been replaced by the use of synthetic musks sometimes known as “white musk”.

Other natural sources

Lichens: Commonly used lichens include oakmoss and treemoss thalli.
"Seaweed": Distillates are sometimes used as essential oil in perfumes. An example of a commonly used seaweed is Fucus vesiculosus, which is commonly referred to as bladder wrack. Natural seaweed f
Synthetic sources

Many modern perfumes contain synthesized odorants. Synthetics can provide fragrances which are not found in nature. For instance, Calone, a compound of synthetic origin, imparts a fresh ozonous metallic marine scent that is widely used in contemporary perfumes. Synthetic aromatics are often used as an alternate source of compounds that are not easily obtained from natural sources. For example, linalool and coumarin are both naturally occurring compounds that can be inexpensively synthesized from terpenes. Orchid scents (typically salicylates) are usually not obtained directly from the plant itself but are instead synthetically created to match the fragrant compounds found in various orchids.

The majority of the world's synthetic aromatics are created by relatively few companies. They include:
International Flavors and Fragrances (IFF)
Givaudan
Firmenich
Takasago
Symrise

Each of these companies patents several processes for the production of aromatic synthetics annually.

LADIES KURTI

2009-08-09T06:07:00.000-07:00

Ladies Kurti is one of the the most liked garment not only among gents but also among ladies. Women's Kurta popularly known as kurti is a stylish and gorgeous clothing. It is a loose long sleeved shirt, from shoulders to the knees or something nearby it. The size comes in varying lengths. Some kurtis are as long as to knees whereas the length of some of the Kurtis are up to waist only. The arm width of the sleeve don't change from shoulders to wrist.

For different seasons, there are different types of Kurtis available. Usually it is worn with loose salwar pants and with churidar pants (pajamas) which is a tight-fitting variant of the salwar. Now-a-days it is designed to be wore on jeans or trousers. Kurtis are worn as daily casual wear as well as formal dress. Kurta is suitable for all occasions starting from home to college to office to any formal occasions which give a very elegant and graceful look.

History
Kurta is a Persian/Urdu word. It means a collarless shirt. It is a traditional type of dress worn generally by the people of Indian sub-continents. Kurta was used to be one of the main clothing for the natives of Asian countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan. People used to wear it on different occasions like any festival or any fair or any family function. Kurta had different looks earlier. It came as sherwani, pathan-dress, golband and many more. Earlier kurta was the dress of gents only. But gradually it became the most sought after clothing for ladies.Style
The kurtas come with and without collars. The type of collars are as in sherwani and achkans. It is generally U-shaped or V-shaped around the neck. Kurtis generally have a front opening. Some of them have buttons. The upper front portion is embroidered with threads of silk, cotton, gold, silver, or other material, upon any woven fabric, leather or paper.

Embroidery, printed designs, embellishments with beads, laces, mirrors etc. also enhance the overall look of these fashionable kurtas. Beads and mirror work is used to beautify these kurtas.

Fabric
The fabric used in Kurtis mainly depend upon the seasons. Summer Kurtis are made of cotton fibers or thin silk threads. These are very light weight and soft. It gives a sexy look and comfort feel. Winter kurtis are made of thicker fabric such as wool or khadi silk, a thick, coarse, hand spun and handwoven mixed with other fibers. Winter Kurtis provide style, fashion along with protection from cold.
The common fabrics used in Ladies Kurti are:

Cotton
Silk
Wool
Georgette
Chiffon
Khadi silk
Satin
Crepe

Types of Kurtas

Ladies kurta can be of following types:

Sleeveless Kurta
Half sleeved Kurta
Full sleeved Kurta

CHURIDAR PAJAMA AND KAMEEZ

2009-08-09T05:44:00.000-07:00

Churidar suits are modern form of salwar kameez. Bride-Pride.Com has greatly showcases them. Here you can see its various striking combinations that can outshine you at any occasion. As Indian women find them very appealing, thus it’s a great place for you to explore one of your choices.

Churidar suits are very popular for their silhouette. They are apt for wearing at any occasion like in a party, wedding, engagement, office, festival traveling etc. Their major plus point that makes them highly preferred choice of women is that they give dash to all figures as well slenderizes them.

Their versatile nature also includes various stylish combinations. Some of the popular combinations in churidar suits are blue and red shaded kameez decked with polka dots worn above gold color churidar pajama, blue kurta with the silver pajami, maroon sequined kameez with maroon color churidar pajama, block printed kurta, mirror work kameez, and patch work kameez and so on. Thus when you go for shopping various options will be available in front of you.

Nowadays stretchable churidar pajaamis are greatly in vogue and have captured everybody’s attention. Everywhere women are seen wearing them as they very stylish yet comfortable too. In addition they look traditional as well as trendy apart from being stylish and western.
The style that is greatly in trend in churidar suit is the block print kurta with a kalamkari print effect yolk enhanced with khadi print effect all over the kurta. It is complemented with a lehariya gold print pajaami as well as cotton crushed dupatta with latkans on the hem.
Anarkali style churidar suit which were once the flavor of traditional times are in the trend again. They are amazing to look at and are ideal to be worn at traditional occasions, weddings, engagements. This frock style outfit is perfect to make great statement.

These are just few mentioned styles. Churidar suits showcase many styles and each is peculiar in its own way. At Bride-Pride.Com you will get whatever style you want. Their collection showcases both traditional and contemporary styles of churidar suits. Churidar suits have put their foot at international level also. Western ladies are also greatly seen flaunting style in churidar style, which are a stamp of their popularity.

Churidar suits are ideal choice for all women want to look beautiful, surpassing and stunning. Its details will flatter your all curves and make you feel like a princess. These are the reasons of its long-lasting nature.

MENS SHALWAR KURTA

2009-08-08T06:18:00.000-07:00

I like wearing Shalwar Kurta, the reason being they are really comfortable, in summers the cotton ones keeps you cool and the biggest of them is that they can hide the fact that you have been skipping gym for the last six months This last fact comes with a fine print, that is if your waist line is between 30-35 inches, then it’s cool, however if it is over 35 then it’s dangerous as that can potentially book you a trip to the cardiac ward of your local hospital.

Anyway, since I’ve been buying readymade shalwar kurtas for quite some time now, I thought I’d rate my top three favourite brands here.

Thredz:
Number 1 spot goes to Thredz. They have a great collection of Kurtas whether you want simple striped ones or the ones that are heavily embroidered and anything in between. The range of fabric plus a collection that is updated regularly makes this my top pick when it comes to buying ready made kurtas. However, they have some points that go against them, but they are more than made up because of the huge collection and the friendly staff that they employee.

First of all, they are the most expensive of all the brands listed here, the plain stripped kurtas without the embroidery are in the range of Rs 1,800 to Rs 2,200 depending on the fabric. Secondly, their size patterns are different from the rest. This means that if this is your first time, make sure that you try before you buy because the large that you buy elsewhere might be a medium here.

Cotton & Silk:
Located at Zamzama, they only have one outlet in Karachi. They are the place to go if you are looking for elegant Shalwar Kurtas instead of the flashy, colorful ones. They don’t get new designs that often, so you can’t make this the only place you buy shalwar kurtas from if you wear them regularly but the ones they do can be used on formal occasions. The only thing they lack is the embroidered ones but then for the elegant not so flashy it is always good that the embroidery is missing in action.

Third place is a tie between Junaid Jamshed and Khaadi:
Khaadi used to be my number one spot for Kurtas. This was when they were focused on only menswear. Now that they have diversified into everything from women’s wear to home textiles, it looks like no one pays attention to the thing that got them famous, i.e., menswear. Now they are mostly rehashing the designs from the past and the quality of their fabric has gone down drastically. It’s a hit and miss as far as their fabric quality is concerned. Some of them will last while the others bleed to death in no time.

Junaid Jamshed’s designs are my least favorite ones, but to their credit they always have enough designs that I can find something to my liking. However the thing that I like about JJ is they are very price competitive, add to that their 10% discount membership card (15% if you have the gold card) and it’s hard to ignore them. Their kurtas start from Rs 1,300 – 1,400 and minus 10% from that and you really can’t beat that.

I don’t know how you go about getting the membership card, I was lucky to get one for free as they gave it away when they launched it at one of their lawn exhibition 2-3 years ago and my wife was there shopping (hmmmm in that case I beg to differ as it wasn’t free), it doesn’t expire so I am still using it.

A black kurta with a contrasting white shalwar is definitely a striking combination. Most suitable for evening wear, and for occasions that are semi-formal to formal.

Traditional Pakistani, Indian and Asian formal and fashion wear of Men Wear including Shalwar, Kameez, Kurta Pyjama, in various colors and designs for Men. Embroided traditional party wear in great styles are available.

The Indo-Pak Shalwar Kameez has a very significant place in the history of the textiles of the sub-continent and traces back to the Vedic times. Kameez Shalwar has emerged as comfortable, elegant and respectful apparel of the Indian & Pakistani wardrobe. Essentially a medieval garment the kameez salwar in its original form was brought into the country by the Muslim rulers, from the year 750 A.D. Salwar Kameez was brought into India during the Mogul era as a courtly garment from the central Asian invaders, and slowly became the popular garment of the people of the countryside with the spread of Islam. The men and women both wore different forms of what is today known as the kamiz shalwar.

LADIES SHALWAR KURTA

2009-08-08T05:36:00.000-07:00

Ladies Salwar Kurta
Ladies Salwar Kurta (also called shalwar kameez) is the traditional dress worn by various peoples of South Asia. It is commonly worn in India and Pakistan . It is sometimes called a Punjabi suit. The term can also be transliterated into English as "shalwar qamis".

Our products included Salwar Kurtas, Chikan Suits, embroidered ladies salwar suits, chikan salwar suits, cotton salwar suits for ladies our fine range of clothing caters to all tastes & styles.Printed Salwar Kameez – These are called Printed salwar kameez as they are machine or digitally printed on all kinds of fabric. The design includes flowers to polka dot to other prints. Such Salwar kameez is normally worn on daily basis.it a trendy and ethnic Indian fashion salwar kameez that easily cathes ones eye with its latest styling. This pure cotton designer Indian salwar kameez is detailed with dense mirror workMatching dupatta with contrasting patchwork on edges is adding more beauty to this designer cotton silk salwar suit. You can try out this ethnic salwar kameez for any occasion this will surely. Nowadays Cotton, Punjabi Salwar Kameez are famous worldwide and woman loves to wear it. Like Indian Salwar Kameez, For all those who prefer to wear jeans and t-shirts, here’s news for you. Our very own Kurta shalwar has made it to the Guinness World Record as Pakistan holds the record of making the world’s largest kurta. The length of the kurta is 30 times more than that of a standard medium-sized kurta and stands at a staggering height of 101 feet. The cuff opening alone is 15-feet wide whereas the length of each sleeve is almost 57ft. The entire kurta weighs 800kg with each of its four buttons weighing 10kg each. The material used is 800 yards long while 450metres of thread has been used. It took a team of 50 hard-working professional tailors a period of 30 days to put together the kurta.

The kurta will be the first of its kind to be certified by Guinness.

The team behind the project will also be catering to their Corporate Social Responsibility programmes and will go the extra mile by creating small kurtas from the bigger one to donate to young children at the Abdul Sattar Edhi Foundation Child Homes across Pakistan at the end of the campaign.

Procter & Gamble (P&G) Pakistan joined hands with known fashion designer Deepak Perwani who designed and embellished the kurta, while Gul Ahmed provided the fabric. At a glittering event held in Karachi to present the kurta, Perwani said that the kurta is the “largest selling commodity of Pakistan” and therefore achieving a record for it is “a perfect illustration of our culture.”

EASTERN GROOM DRESS

2009-05-13T00:27:00.001-07:00

Obviously, the proper dress code at your forthcoming marriage is going to depend very much on the type of wedding you want to have. If, on the one hand, you and your bride want to have a ‘themed’ wedding, then you’ll need to make sure that both you and the other Groom’s attendees, such as the ushers and best man, wear attire that fits in with the theme you and the bride have decided upon. If, on the other hand, you and your bride have decided upon a traditional morning wedding ceremony followed by an evening reception, knowing what the proper Groom’s dress code is couldn’t be easier – you simply follow an age old tradition that the millions of Grooms before you have made famous.

The morning suit

Traditionally wedding ceremonies were a morning affair and were promptly followed by the wedding breakfast. While the allure of early morning weddings from days gone by may have lost its shine, if you and your bride want to have a traditional wedding ceremony then really you need to make sure that the ceremony takes place before 3 o’clock in the afternoon. In such circumstances, you, the best man, your father, the ushers and the bride’s farther will all need to wear morning suits to the wedding. Sometimes also know as ‘top hat and tails’, a morning suit is the coat that looks like it has a penguin tail, with either plain or pin-striped grey, black or blue matching trousers. The shirt worn should be a wing-collar shirt, with a covering waist-coat and a cravat. Literally topping off this display of grandeur is the Ascot top-hat, which you can chose either to wear or not wear, and white gloves, which are not worn.

As anyone who has attended a wedding where the Groom’s party worn morning suits can testify, it is difficult to cut a more dashing figure than walking down the aisle in ‘top-hat and tails’!

Black Tie evening reception

While there is no rules that you follow a traditional morning suit wedding with a formal black tie evening reception 9after all, it is your day!), most newly weds who have made the effort to have a formal morning suit wedding ceremony like to keep with the theme of the day and close things off in the evening with a formal black-tie wedding reception. Now, the big question with black-tie weddings or wedding receptions is whether you wear a black tuxedo jacket or a white tuxedo jacket. The truth is, it doesn’t really matter and you should wear what you feel more comfortable in. That said, the more traditionalist will tell you that you should be wearing a black tuxedo jacket to your formal evening wedding reception! What you will need is a single or double-breasted jacket with ribbed silk lapels that has no vents or covered buttons.

You’ll need to have an evening formal shirt. Traditionally this shirt needs to be a pleated shirt, to cater for your black bow-tie, but more modern form will allow you to wear a collared shirt if you feel more comfortable with this. Finally, your trousers will need to be pleated, with one row of braid, and suitable for braces wear. If you really want to push the boat out, you can wear a Cummerbunds waist-band. Again, however, more modern use has been to favor a colorful waist-coat.

Finally, if you and your bride decide that the idea of wearing formal wedding attire on your extra special day attractive, do make sure that you begin the process of either hiring or buying your Groom’s dress at least 3 to 4 months in advance of the big day, as these will need to be adjusted to suit your measurements and you certainly do not want to be leaving this important task to the last minute.

EASTERN WEEDING DRESS

2009-05-12T23:42:00.000-07:00

Dressing up is right of every women.And when there is a talk about bridal dress then no girl in the world would compromise on that she want to look the more beautiful among other and wants to have the most stunning dress. Thats way, she wants to design her special dress by herself or get it designed by an original designer.On the bridal dress painstaking work is done, eventually making the dress more heaviest stuff like (salama stara,morori,and dabka) is done, mostly on indian-muslim bridal dresses.Aventually the eastren dresses are red colored but nowaday the dresses are also turqoise,pink, green,maron and lilic colored.Havey jewellry worw on these dresses andgood makeup is done on the bride,s face.

Weddings in Eastern cultures have a colorful history. Bridal gowns in the far East are often far different than the traditional fashion of white lace that characterize Western style weddings. If you have chosen to honor and celebrate your heritage by borrowing traditions from your rich culture, choosing a wedding dress that honors those traditions can make your special day more meaningful for both you and your entire family. Your aunt, grandmother, elders, and of course your ancestors will be flattered and pleased that you care about the traditions and the family.

With cross-cultural influences, traditions are modified to become a blending of both cultures. Japanese bride that dons a white kimono on her special wedding day instead of veils. Traditional wedding dresses as we think of them today in America consist of a full-skirted white satin gown with high neck and sleeves of lace, and a veil headdress, both trimmed with lace and pearls. It would be natural to assume that this style has been around for centuries and it is the norm, since it is the traditional style. However, the style is reminiscent of what was worn only in the last century and a half starting in the mid nineteenth century. This tradition, like many others, is not static and unchanging, or really very old. The styles and colors of wedding dresses have varied according to the fashions of the time.

GHAGRA CHOLI

2009-04-30T01:15:00.000-07:00

THE GHAGRA choli is popular with south Indians because of its appearance and modern look when compared to the old and traditional `pattu' skirt, blouse and odini. Comfortable to wear, it is also suitable for the weather of the south. It can be worn practically for any occasion - temple visits, festivals, parties and weddings. And you can drape the dupatta anyway and anywhere you want to. IT IS becoming popular in South India just what with several actresses sporting them. Most of my South Indian friends are opting for the ghagra choli as part of the trousseau, especially for the reception. GHAGRA CHOLIS are in vogue in a new Indo-western avatar in South India. Here the ensemble has taken a turn into an elegant ensemble--long skirts teamed with backless and off shoulder cholis and a stole or small dupatta. INDIA IS a symbol and embodiment of multi-culturalism. Keeping with the tradition, the dandiya is not the only excuse for the ghagra to be worn. It even seems to be the favourite among non-resident Indians.THE ENSEMBLE has caught on for sure over the past 2-3 years. Earlier people were into saris but now they are definitely fitting in ghagra choli in their wardrobe. Sabyasachi and Tarun Tahiliani are sought after for their ghagra cholis here.

THE POPULARITY of any dress depends mainly on three factors - affordability, acceptability and non-interference with the native dress culture. When it comes to acceptability and culture, the ghagra choli cannot be an alternative to the sari choli, which gives our women their cultural identity.

Because of the heavy brocade work the dress looks elegant but the costs are prohibitive. Besides it's too grand for certain occasions.

North Indian families in the south wear it but stretching its popularity to the whole of the south is not true. THE PUNJABI suit is definitely more popular in the south than the ghagra choli. The ghagra choli does not suit all, only girls of a particular age and personality. It is not as comfortable or as adaptable as the Punjabi suit especially when it comes to college girls. Therefore it is not as popular in the south as some make it out to be.

SAREES

2009-04-30T00:21:00.000-07:00

We are well aware of the fact that most of the women love sarees but sometimes they are not very much aware of some very important facts about it like the fabrics, care, styles etc. In order create the awarness among our both national and international customers we have posted large number of articles on almost every related topic.

Times gone when sarees were just confined to moms and aunties. Now with the change of trends and fashion, they are equally the biggest craze among the young crowds. When worn with the sexy blose tops, saree is the most hot and happening among any other outfit..

The Indian market is offering wide range of gorgeous saris. in almost every color, design and cuts. Indian Fashionable Clothes - Fashion Priced Right
Indian fashion industry spreads its wings globally. For the global fashion industry, India is a very big exporter of fabrics and accessories. All over the world, Indian ethnic designs and material are considered as a significant facet for the fashion wear. Indian garments play a vital role as one of the biggest players in the international fashion arena. The growing competition in almost every sphere of life at times proves advantageous for the masses in specific. Designer blouses give a new look to your saree dress.

Online comfortable Indian office wear for working women With the changing times, Indian office wear becoming the need of the hour. Due to high comfort level, both Indian and International women love to go for these online Indian office wears which are equally trendy and comfortable. Some of the most comfortable women Indian wear. Times change and due to this people’s outlook. And for all this, whole credit goes to our Indian designers, for there efforts who completely changed the look of Indian wear.

Indian Bridal Dresses

Marriages are made in heaven but materialize on Earth. The effort that goes into making a wedding a grand affair is tremendous. There are lot of factors involved in making this event memorable. But most important thing that leaves a remarkable effect on people are the bride and grooms look and dressing sense. Really friends people are more concerned about how the bride is looking and what she gonna wear on her d-day. Every one talks about the brides couture and jewelery. Online unstitched Indian fabrics- Best for both large size and petite size women Online unstitched Indian fabrics proves to be the best for both large size and petite size women worldwide for they help them to get their desired fittings and save them from frustrations of not getting their desired designs in their sizes. Ancient Indian fashion garments generally used no stitching although Indians knew about sewing. All over the world, Indian ethnic designs and unstitched fabrics are considered as significant facet for the fashion houses and garment manufacturer.

Indian Costumes Rocking The Global Fashion Industry

The term “costume” can refer to the distinctive style of dress of a particular people, class or period. Costume is a cultural visual of the people. It provides a vital clue to their customs, tastes and their way of living. India is a land of color and cultures, so obvious in the varied dresses that adorn its people. Indian dressing types are marked by many variations both religious and regional with a wide choice of texture and styles. . The many hued sari draped gracefully in different styles.

WESTERN WEEDING

2009-04-29T01:26:00.000-07:00

Good afternoon everyone.How's life?
Today we woke up very early in the morning to attend the weeding ceremony of one of our friend that have been working here in JOYFUL ENGLISH PLAZA before.We never told her that we could make it because of our work.She was so happy and surprise after seeing us.
Traditionally, wedding expenses are paid for by the groom's family in the Philippine setting, unlike in some western cultures. But more and more couples are giving their share from their hard-earned savings. Other couples even shoulder the entire wedding expenses themselves. It normally follows that whoever foots the bill has the final say on the size of the wedding; he or she also has the 'majority stake' on guest list.

It was a tradition for the bride to hold an heirloom rosary with the bridal bouquet during the Nuptial Mass. This practice is now being revived by some brides to honor our Catholic heritage and respect the solemn occasion.
Aside from the exchange of rings, the giving of the arrhae (earnest money in the form of 13 pieces of gold or silver coins) is a part of Filipino weddings as the groom's pledge of his dedication to the welfare of his wife and children.
Soon-to-weds do not arrive at the ceremony venue at the same time. The groom is expected to arrive several minutes (an hour even!) prior to the set time of the wedding to receive guests. The bride on the other hand, usually stays in the bridal car and only alights from the vehicle just in time for her bridal march.
As part of the ceremonial dance at the reception, some couples incorporate a 'money dance' where guests pin peso (or dollar!) bills on either the bride or groom in return for a chance to dance with them.
Newlyweds release a pair of white doves during the reception to signify a peaceful and harmonious marital relationship. Catchers find themselves going home with a new feathered pet.

PUNJABI WEEDING DRESS

2009-04-29T01:08:00.000-07:00

Punjabi wedding dress wedding dress is the most important Punjabi weddings. Heavy embroidery lehnga Choli is a haven for women. His Dupatta is also completely embroidered Phulkari. It is the main tendency of the Punjab. There is your wedding to a traditional costume. Lehnga Choli are back in fashion. You can also find many Lahnga Choles developed on request.In various trends associated Indian Punjabi wedding. Punjabi wedding is full of happiness. Punjabis are known for their friendliness and Punjabi culture is known for its abundance.
It shows the main colors of the Indian culture. Sweet Punjabis often the language they on the roof of the world. Punjabi bride Gloom as well as nature. Punjabi bride offer as many people as possible to the dark colors with heavy embroidery. Punjabis bride are usually serious or severe Lahnga cholera. His embroidered Dupatta entire line is known under the name Phulkari Kinari, and on the sides.

MAYOON

2009-04-25T07:14:00.000-07:00

It is usually the first event of a wedding. From this day on, the bride is proscribed from the groom's eyes till the day of marriage. Yellow color symbolizes the day of upton, the other name of mayoon. To mold into the colors of upton, family and invited guests wear yellow garments. Starting of this day is with the recitation of Qur'an.

After the religious formalities, family and friends bring the bride /groom for the ceremony. The friends and family sits in circle with their percussion equipments (Dholak and Duff) and sings through out the evening.

MEHNDI

2009-04-25T06:37:00.000-07:00

Description The Mehndi party is held the night before the wedding. Traditionally, it is held in the home of the bride and only includes women from the brideâ€™s side. It is a fun and relaxing evening for the bride to spend with her closest friends and relatives. The evening is spent ...

BRIDAL MAKEUP

2009-04-25T06:29:00.000-07:00

On the wedding day, the Indian bride wants to look best as all eyes are set on her. Looks unisex salon perfectly understands the needs of the client and believes in delivering personalized solutions. Apart from the bridal make up and hairstyle the other aspects of a bride are also advised on like clothing, jewelry and footwear, which are also important to give a complete look to the bride.We have been dressing brides and their bridal parties for over a decade now; Our reputation is reflected by our professionalism and creativity.With our experience of fashion shoots, editorial features and celebrity styling, you can be confident that we will use our knowledge and tricks of the trade to design the right look for you. So just relax and allow our professional stylist to pamper you and add the finishing touch to your special day. Professional make-up application will ensure you look picture perfect throughout the day. You will look naturally beautiful yet glamorous and polished.

COSMETICS SURGERY

2009-02-08T04:28:00.000-08:00

Plastic surgery

Plastic Surgery and Relationships

A wholesome change could promote Plastic surgery in your relationship with yourself. Many people seem dissatisfied with some physical attribute or body feature and find this as a solution not only possible but also easier than ever. Plastic surgery goes by fixing any given detail driven you out of wits every time looked yourself in the mirror, as far as overall reshaping personal necessities and so-wishes accordingly.

Researches show that the highest the degree of fitness in any given plastic surgery, the stronger the likelihood of positive outcome and optimal recovery. In the end, factors which altogether help in the final result. Fortunately, so too the internet provided plenty of helpful and cheerful database on every detail within the plastic surgery embodiment. As such competitive rates and alternative stakes, odds against and preparation checklist. Yet foster the internet reliable source of before-and-after pictures sought after as a clue up with plastic surgery hints.

Further keep another key element in mind that plastic surgery is not suitable for everyone’s needs. Let us consider disability as a fact for invasive techniques by seeking other cosmetic options. Smokers, obese or those severely distressed and under conditions like diabetes, heart disease or hypertension don’t stand for plastic surgery as eligible able-bodied candidates.

Certain key factors should be held accountable when considering whether undergone plastic surgery procedure.

- Can you spare the time expenditure required in fully recovering? Plastic surgery by and large demanded long periods of recovery and rest, as of essence for expected results.

- Were you made well-aware of possibly risks and complications? How would you handle unexpected results or complications?

- Are you seeking something as extreme that is plastic surgery as challenging in order to please yourself or someone else’s?

COSMETICS SURGERY

2009-02-08T04:11:00.000-08:00

Want to give your look a lift? Forget plastic surgery, Botox or even microdermabrasion. A new lipstick can do the trick, and so can a chic new haircut.

There are many quick, easy, painless and relatively cheap ways to help women update their style, especially as visions of sun-kissed styles dance in their heads as the weather turns warmer.

"Big eyes continue to be huge. There's an incredible business in fake lashes, and big mascaras with new technologies and better brushes," reports Sarah Munson, general manager of beauty at Beauty.com. This season's favorite cosmetic combinations seem to be bold blues, greens or gold on the eyes with a soft apricot lip or a strong coral lip with muted eyes, she says.

Bronzers have become a beauty category unto themselves as have sunless tanners. Almost every brand, whether it's at the prestige or mass level, has a variety of products to re-create the glow one gets from the sun but without any of the skin-damage risks.

If you're not already using a bronzer, you will once you start putting on white and other light-colored garments and realize how pale you are, Munson says, and you'll reach for the tinted moisturizer once you pull out your bathing suit.

Skin-care routines tend to lighten up in the spring and summer, with women choosing more serums, which are absorbed more quickly into the skin, than creams and lotions that tend to sit on the surface, Munson explains.

Debbi Hartley-Triesch, national beauty and fragrance director for Nordstrom, says today's best-selling products are things that enhance natural beauty instead of mimicking a model or falling prey to trends.

Luckily, there are a lot of choices out there, she says, since many women use different beauty products on different days to address their moods or outfits.

As fashion turns to more tailored clothing, Hartley-Triesch says, more women are choosing high color lipsticks. It's the yin and yang of your overall look: Highly stylized clothes are complemented by more subtle makeup, and simpler or delicate clothes can take a little more color on the face.

The update to the zillions of shimmering lip glosses already out there is that cosmetic companies are now paying attention to brilliance and a pearled effect in addition to shine.

Color cosmetics. While there's still a bit of crispness in the springtime air, makeup artist Bobbi Brown reaches for light, babydoll pink makeup. "A very wearable pink, a shimmer, glittery pink," she describes.

Once summer kicks in, Brown says, it's time for sandwashed colors, such as a light purple she calls iris, surf blue and tangerine. "It's a way to wear color, sometimes bright color, without looking silly or garish."

The faded colors should remind you of that favorite T-shirt that used to be a sunny yellow and is now more like French vanilla, or an evergreen sweatshirt turned more of a palm-leaf shade.

When translated into makeup, Brown says, the result often is a see-through or sheer look, which can be worn on the eyes, lips and cheeks. One of her favorite combinations is iris with white and gold on the eyes, transparent cream rouge in pink or coral on the cheek, and a light lip stain or gloss.

Joe Costa, national makeup artist for Yves Saint Laurent, says he's seen many women — especially in the Midwest and Southwest — drawn to peach and pinks so far this season. But, he adds, they're also doing a bit of experimenting with brighter colors on their eyes. "Women aren't afraid to put a little splash of color on the eyes as the accent. They're real intrigued by orange and a little bit of green and blue."

But Manhattan stylist Oscar Blandi says while women should find some inspiration in trends, they should be willing to adapt them — or skip them altogether — if they're not a match for their look or lifestyle. Just like real people take elements of what they see on designer runways and incorporate a few key pieces into their own wardrobes, they should see a picture of a dramatic haircut and figure out what parts would work for them, he says. Things to consider include height, facial bone structure and the jawline.

It's also OK to stick with what you have if you like it, Blandi adds, pointing to Vogue editor Anna Wintour's bob with bangs that's become her signature and never changes.

As for hair color, Matrix colorist Jennifer Jahanbigloo, known professionally as Jennifer J., notes the chunky coloring technique known as shadowing has been used on Sarah Jessica Parker, Gisele Bundchen, Faith Hill and Mischa Barton.

Instead of the highlights being close together — and done on a regular schedule — now the color is spaced sporadically and it's OK if the roots show.

"It started with fashion's bohemian trend. Even though the fashion trend is morphing into something else, it's still a hair trend," Jahanbigloo says.

"It's not perfect. It's a messy, casual look. But you want the unkempt look to pull together," she adds, suggesting adding a shine product that adds a refined finish to the hair. If you want to look even more conservative for a particular occasion, simply switch your part to create a more subtle line between the natural hair color and the highlights.

Fragrance. Rochelle Bloom, president of the Fragrance Foundation, says a big trend is "vintage" perfume — not old perfume that your grandmother passed along but a perfume that's been deemed special enough to have a year printed on the bottle, indicating a particularly stellar year for the rose or lilac extracts.

"It labels something special and unique. Fragrances over the years have become a little bit of a commodity. A (fragrance) house is looking for new ways to brand fragrance for prestige," Bloom explains.

Always in the spring and summer, the most popular fragrances are lighter and softer, with some favorite notes being lush tropical fruits this particular season. But there's an unexpected interest in chocolate, too.

Nails. Essie Weingarten, founder and president of Essie Cosmetics, says it's time to trim nails and keep them short and clean. Colors that best suit that look tend to be soft but also playful.

Her spring palette includes a rosy mauve with glitter, a bubble-gum pink and translucent toffee, while the summer collection features pink peony, a sheer opalescent amethyst, lilac and watermelon.

Skin care. The light bulb is finally going on for consumers that they need more than their daily moisturizer with SPF to protect them from the sun, says Eric Cowles, vice president of marketing for SkinCeuticals.

"There's not necessarily a specific ingredient that's the trend, but it's about layering products," Cowles says. "People are more interested in efficacy even if it means a few more steps."

PADICURE

2009-01-29T00:09:00.000-08:00

A pedicure is a way to improve the appearance of the feet and their nails. It provides a similar service as a manicure. The word pedicure comes from the Latin words pedis, which means of the foot, and cura, which means care. It also means the care of the feet and toenails. A pedicure can help prevent nail diseasses and nail disorder. Pedicures are not just limited to nails; usually dead skin cells on the bottom of feet are rubbed off using a rough stone called a pumice stone.

Foot massage. Foot reflexology has been widely used while giving the foot massage. It is said to soothe nerves throughout the body (see reflexology). Practitioners may also massage with hot stones in their hands and use special creams with menthol, which are said to help rejuvenate the foot. A pumice stone is used to rub dead skin off the feet.

Acetone
Antibacterial soap
Cotton balls
Cuticle cream
Cuticle pusher or Cuticle nipper
Foot bath
Lotion
Nail polish
Orangewood sticks
Toenail clippers
Towels

MAINECURE

2009-01-28T23:27:00.000-08:00

A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands performed either at home or by a nail technician. A manicure treatment can be just for the hands or nails, or can be for both. A common manicure found is the filing, shaping of the nails and the application of polish. There are also manicure services that are specialties for the hands and feet. For the hands, the soaking of a softening substance and the application of a lotions is a common specialty. Another common specialty is applying a similar treatment to the feet and toenails. This is called a pedicure. The word "manicure" derives from Latin: manus for "hand," cura for "care."

In addition to the filing, polishing, and painting of fingernails, a manicure may also include the application of artificial nail tips, acrylics or artificial nail gels. Some manicures can include the painting of pictures or designs on the nails or applying small decals or imitation jewels.

In many areas, manicurists are licensed and follow regulation. Since skin is manipulated and is sometimes trimmed, there is a certain risk of spreading infection when tools are used across many people and, therefore, sanitation is a serious issue.

History

Manicures began 5000 years ago. In India, henna was used for manicure. The term mehendi, used synonymously for henna, derives from the Sanskrit mehandika. Much of the modern revival of henna derives from its popularity in India. Cixi, the Dowager Empress of China, was known to keep very long naturally-grown nails.

French manicures are manicures designed to resemble a natural nail, and are characterized by natural pink base nails with white tips. The tips of the nail are painted white while the rest of the nail is polished in a pink or a suitable nude shade. French manicures may have originated in 18th-century Paris and were popular in the 1920s and 1930s.^{[citation needed]} Like any style it is chosen for a variety of aesthetic reasons. Many choose it because it is very simple and give nails a natural look.

Fashion nails

In the late 20th century, artificial nails for women became widely popular. The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails. There are two main approaches to creating artificial nails—tips and forms. Tips are made of lightweight plastic plates that are "nail" shaped. They are glued on the end of the natural nail and acrylic is then applied over the entire nail. Forms are fitted over the nail and then an artificial nail is molded out of acrylic and the form is removed and then properly shaped and buffed to a shine. There are several popular techniques that can be used to create longer better looking nail enhancements. One popular material commonly called "acrylies" is a mixture of a polymer powder and a liquid monomer (e.g.ethylmethacrylate). The mixture starts to harden in 30–40 seconds after application and continues to cure to final hardness typically for more than an hour. Powder and liquid acrylics can be removed in 20 minutes using a variety of solvents (usually acetoneis used). Another material, commonly called "UV gel", (in correct chemical terms a polymer resin) hardens under ultreviolet light. Depending on brand these can show a broader variety of quality and properties (flexibility, strength, etc.) but may be more expensive. They generally cannot be removed by organic solvents, but only be removed by filing (or left to grow out with the natural nail). Another popular alternative to acrylic or gel preparations are Fiberglass or Silk wraps. They are done by cutting pieces of actual fiberglass or silk fabric to fit on the surface of the nail or tip and then it is sealed down with a resin or glue. These are a possible alternative for those who are allergic to chemicals used in the acrylic or gel process. Other materials can be used, as well as combinations of them. There are also temporary, cheaper flexible tips that can be quickly glued at home without help from a professional. Acrylic nail powders are available in a variety of colours and can use "special effects" such as contours, sparkles and the very popular French Manicure (pink and white appearance).

Long, manicured nails are a fashion statement.

These fashion trends are not without risks, as residues of acrylic resins have been known to lead to redness, swelling, pain and even severe allergic reactions. The nail can separate from the nail bed, and if the nail root becomes damaged, the replacement can be permanently deformed. As well, nail glue is poisonous if accidentally swallowed and a few nail polishes and removers contain toxic formaldehyder or acetone^.

An alternative to acrylic nails is to harden your natural nail by using a fluoride treatment. Fluoride claims to harden your nails just as it hardens your teeth. However, some fluoride nail treatments contain Ammonium Hexafluorophosphate rather than Stannous fluoride, which is the type of fluoride normally used in toothpaste.

Paraffin treatments

The hands can be dipped in melted paraffin waxfor softening and moisturizing. Paraffin wax is used because it can be heated to temperatures of over 100 degrees Fahrenheit, without burning or injuring the hand. The intense heat allows for deeper absorption of emollients and essential oils. The wax is usually infused with various botanical ingredients such as Aloe vera, chamomile, tea tree oil, and azulene. Fruit waxes such as peach, apple and strawberry are often used in salons.

Occasionally, lotion is rubbed on the hand before submersion into the paraffin bath. The hand is usually dipped more than once to allow a thicker wax coat to form, making the coating stay warm for longer and less likely to break or tear prematurely. After the hands have been dipped in the wax, they are wrapped in either plastic or aluminum foil, or a special type of plastic bag or glove then covered with towel or special mitten to retain warmth. The hands are left for a few minutes before the paraffin is cooled and dried.

Hot oil manicureA hot oil manicure is a specific type of manicure that cleans the cuticles and softens them with oil. It works well for dry skin and nails that are brittle as it improves both by leaving them soft and pliable. Types of oils that can be used are mineral oil, olive oil or commercial preparation in an electric heater.

The standard manicure Process

A manicurist prepares for a customer by ensuring that the working area and tools are sanitized and conveniently located and there is proper lighting.

Common manicure tools and supplies

A standard Cuticle Nipper used during manicure.

Tools:

Bowl of warm water or finger bath. Nail clippers
Cuticle knife and clippers
Cuticle pusher/Hoof stick
Nail file/emery board, buffer, scissors and brush
Orange Stick

Supplies:

Cuticle remover * this is caustic and MUST be rinsed off the skin after use, oil and cream
Massage lotion
Nail polish
- Base coat polish & ridge filler polish
- Color varnish
- Top coat or sealant
Nail bindi stick-on jewels
Nail polish remover or nail polish remover wipes
Hand cream
Sanitizing spray/towels
Cotton balls/pads
Hand towels

DRYSKIN

2009-01-18T08:51:00.000-08:00

Dry skin has a low level of sebum and can be prone to sensitivity. The skin has a parched look caused by its inability to retain moisture. It usually feels "tight" and uncomfortable after washing unless some type of moisturizer or skin cream is applied. Chapping and cracking are signs of extremely dry, dehydrated skin.
Dryness is exacerbated by wind, extremes of temperature and air-conditioning, all of which cause the skin to flake, chap and feel tight. This type of skin is tightly drawn over bones. It looks dull, especially on the cheeks and around the eyes. There may be tiny expression lines on these spots and at the comers of the mouth.

Causes

The oil glands do not supply enough lubrication to the skin. As a result, the skin becomes dehydrated.
Skin gets exposed to the elements especially in winter.
Dry skin could be due to a genetic condition.
Poor diet. Nutritional deficiencies, especially deficiencies of vitamin A and the B vitamins, can also contribute to dry skin.
Environmental factors such as exposure to sun, wind, cold, chemicals, or cosmetics, or excessive bathing with harsh soaps.
Conditions such as dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, or seborrhea.
Dry Skin Could Also Be From:

Dry skin can be a sign of an underactive thyroid.

Serious skin complications can arise for people with diabetes.

How To Care for Dry Skin

Avoid the use of tap water when cleansing dry skin. The deposits are too drying on the skin. And never, ever use hot water. Use mineral water to freshen your face. Don't use a washcloth-a rough texture can irritate. In the morning, apply a spray of mineral water on your skin misted on with a plant sprayer. (Do not use a sprayer that had been used for spraying insecticides.) Lightly pat dry.

Dry skin needs plenty of thorough but gentle cleansing, regular stimulation with massage and generous quantities of oil and moisture. It also needs extra careful protection. Washing dry skin with soap and water not only removes grime but also the natural oils protecting the skin. A moisturizer increases the water content of the outer layers of the skin and gives it a soft, moist look.

Use nondetergent, neutral-pH products to cleanse your skin. Avoid using any commercial soap. And always touch your face gently. Double-cleanse with a cream, leaving a light, thin trace of it on the skin after the second cleansing.

Follow a bath or a shower with a mild application of baby oil. Massage your face with home-made nourishing cream every night before retiring. Be generous with the cream in the areas surrounding the eyes where tiny lines and crows feet are born.

Avoid coming in contact with highly alkaline soaps and detergents like washing sodas and powders which contain highly alkaline and drying ingredients.

Morning Skin Cleanser/Rejuvenator

Every morning 15 minutes before taking your bath

1 egg yolk
1 teaspoon orange juice
1 teaspoon olive oil and
few drops of rose water
few drops of lime juice

Mix the above ingredients together and apply on your skin.

Beauty Mask for Dry Skin

1 egg
1 teaspoon of honey,
1/2 teaspoon of olive oil and
few drops of rose water

Mix the ingredients thoroughly and use as a mask.

Night Moisturizing

After you clean and tone your skin, apply a splash of water or a water-misting. Pat almost dry with a soft towel, then smooth moisturizer from bosom to hairline. Allow five minutes for immediate absorption (cover your face and throat with warm washcloths to hasten penetration), then blot off any excess moisturizer with a tissue.

Men can skip the toner but should moisturize the delicate skin around the eye area.

Day Moisturizing

Milk Bath

Once a week take a milk bath. It will nourish and smoothen your skin. Warm your bath water and put in 250 gram of powdered milk, half tablespoon of almond oil and a few drops of your favorite perfume. Then just lie in it and let your mind wander while the wholesome foam works wonders on your dry skin.

If your lips chap, peel or crack then the best remedy is to massage them with a little cream of milk to which a few drops each of rose water and lime juice has been added every night before going to bed. Before applying lipstick, use a soft piece of towel for removing rough bits of chapped skin and rub a piece of raw beetroot gently on them. After applying lipstick add a little vaseline to keep your lips soft and pretty.

Moisturize your skin after cleansing to keep it from drying out. Use a liquid moisturizer or facial oil that contains nutrients and other natural ingredients. Avoid solid, waxy moisturizing creams.

Use a humidifier (or even a pan of water placed near a radiator) to humidify your environment, especially in winter. This helps to reduce the amount of moisture lost from the skin through evaporation.

Stay out of overheated rooms; avoid sudden changes in temperature; protect yourself from wind and sun. Remember, your face is fragile.

If you don't have a good, strong moisturizer on your face on a cold, windy winter day, don't go out! Cold will cause any moisture on your skin to evaporate. The wind will just accelerate the process.

At night, use a very creamy cleanser or oil (baby oil is perfectly all right). Remove residue with a spray of mineral water. Follow up with a night cream applied at least a half-hour before retiring. If you lie down immediately after applying cream, it will "puff-up" delicate tissues around the eyes.

For cracked, dry skin on the fingers, use calendula cream or oil with comfrey, vitamin E oil, and aloe vera. Apply the mixture to hands at bedtime, then wear plastic gloves overnight.

Do not smoke. Smoking has a harmful effect on the skin for several reasons. Nicotine constricts the blood vessels, including the tiny capillaries that serve the skin. This deprives the skin of the oxygen and nutrients it needs for good health. Smoking also can make the skin dry and leathery.

Do not use harsh soaps, cold cream, or cleansing creams on your skin. Cleansing creams are made from hydrogenated oils, which can cause free radical damage to the skin, resulting in dryness and wrinkles. Instead, use pure olive, avocado, or almond oil to cleanse the skin. Pat the oil on, then wash it off with warm water and a soft cloth.

Do not use very hot water when bathing or showering.

As much as possible, stay out of the sun. The sun is responsible for most of the damage done to the skin. It causes dryness, wrinkles, and even rashes and blisters. Always apply a good sunscreen to all exposed areas of skin if you must be in the sun.

Herbs for Dry Skin

Aloe Vera: Aloe vera is soothing, healing, and moisturizing. It also helps to remove dead skin cells. Apply aloe vera gel topically on affected areas.

Calendula and comfrey have skin-softening properties. They can be used in a facial sauna or to make herbal or floral waters. Comfrey also reduces redness and soothes irritated skin.

Add 5 drops of lavender oil or oat extract to bath water. After the bath, apply diluted evening primrose oil or aloe vera cream.

Drink teas of camomile, dandelion or peppermint.

Borage, fennel, coltsfoot or calendula tea also helps improve the skin. Add 1 tsp. of herbs to 1 cup of boiling water and drink daily.

Tea tree oil has been known to penetrate into the skin's cellular level. Add 1 drop of oil to your favorite day or night cream to help moisturize and smooth skin.

Herbal Facial Sauna

A weekly facial sauna using the herbs chamomile, lavender, and peppermint is good for dry skin.

Using a glass or enameled pot, simmer a total of 2 to 4 tablespoons of dried or fresh herbs in 2 quarts of water. When the pot is steaming, place it on top of a trivet or thick potholder on a table, and sit with your face at a comfortable distance over the steam for fifteen minutes. You can use a towel to trap the steam if you wish.

After fifteen minutes, splash your face with cold water and allow your skin to air dry or pat it dry with a towel. Then either apply a good natural moisturizer or facial oil, or apply a clay mask.

Diet Recommendations for Dry Skin

Eat a balanced diet that includes vegetables, fruits, grains, seeds, and nuts. Eat quality protein from vegetable sources. Increase your intake of raw foods.
Eat foods such as garlic, onions, eggs, and asparagus that are high in sulfur, which helps to keep the skin smooth and youthful.
Consume plenty of yellow and orange vegetables. These are high in beta-carotene, an antioxidant. Carrots are especially good.
Unrefined, cold-pressed flax seed oil used daily on salads and baked potatoes, or mixed into any dishes which do not require heating to high temperatures will make dry skin moist and supple. Flax seed oil contains the essential fatty acids omega-3 alpha linolenic acid and omega-6 linoleic acid. These are converted in the body into hormone, like substances called Prostaglandins, which support skin health.
Cantaloupes, carrots and apricots are heating foods for dry skin because they are rich in the vitamins A and C, both important for a supple, smooth skin. Eat them whole or take as fresh juices. Eat foods rich in pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), such as quark, raw. milk cheese, natural plain yogurt, kefir, leafy green vegetables, nutritional yeast and wheat germ. Pantothenic acid is need for the synthesis of fats and oils used by the skin.
Drink at least 2 quarts of quality water every day to keep the skin well hydrated.
Avoid fried foods, animal fats, and heat-processed vegetable oils. Use cold- pressed oils only. Heating oils leads to the production of free radicals, which have a destructive effect on the skin.
Do not drink soft drinks or eat sugar, chocolate, potato chips, or other junk foods.
Avoid alcohol and caffeine. These substances have a diuretic effect, causing the body and skin cells to lose fluids and essential minerals.

OILYSKIN

2009-01-18T08:26:00.000-08:00

Oily Skin

Oily skin is shiny, thick and dull colored. Often a chronically oily skin has coarse pores and pimples and other embarrassing blemishes. It is prone to blackheads. In this type of skin, the oil producing sebaceous glands are overactive and produce more oil than is needed. The oil oozes and gives the skin a greasy shine. The pores are enlarged and the skin has a coarse look.

Causes of Oily Skin

Heredity
Diet
Hormone levels
Pregnancy
Birth control pills
Cosmetics you use
Humidity and hot weather

Because of the hormonal shifts of adolescence, oily skin is common in teenagers, but it can occur at any age. In general, skin tends to become dryer with age. The flow of sebum or oil increases during adolescence and starts decreasing with age. During pregnancy and menopause, hormonal imbalances can also upset the oil balance and increase the activity of sebaceous glands.

Many people have skin that is oily only in certain areas and dry or normal in others, a condition known as combination skin.

Skin Care for Oily Skin

The great advantage of oily skin is that it ages at a slower rate than other skin types.

Oily skin needs special cleansing with plenty of hot water and soap to prevent the pores from being clogged. Avoid harsh products that strip your skin of oil and encourage flakiness. They can cause a reaction known as reactive seborrhea, where the oil glands work overtime to compensate for the loss of natural oils.

Avoid skincare products that leave your skin feeling taut and dehydrated. They cause the upper layers of the skin to shrink. This restricts oil flow through the pores leading to blockages and breakouts.

To cleanse oily skin, use oil-based products as they dissolve sebum effectively. Opt for oil-free moisturizers to maintain a shine-free complexion.

Keep your skin very clean. Limit washing your face to two or three times a day. Too much washing will stimulate your skin to produce more oil.

Choose your cleanser with care. Avoid heavy cleansing creams. Avoid the use of harsh soaps or cleansers. Use a pure soap with no artificial additives. Try an antibacterial cleansing lotion or a lightly medicated soap, and use it in combination with a water rich in minerals, not tap water. Do not use cleansers or lotions that contain alcohol. After cleansing, apply a natural oil-free moisturizer to keep the skin supple.

Use hot water when washing your face. Hot water dissolves skin oil better than lukewarm or cold water.

If your skin is extremely oily, three or four daily clean sings may be in order and little or no moisturizing necessary before you are 30 years old. After that point, the skin around your eyes and mouth and on your throat may benefit from a nightly moisturizing, plus a mere touch of moisturizer in the morning.

When cleansing, massage your face well with your fingertips, using an upward and outward motion. Be careful not to rub soap into the skin; it can clog pores.

If your oily skin is scaly, you can often correct the problem by using a deep-cleaning exfoliant on alternate nights, and following the treatment with a light coating of moisturizer.

Try using a clay or mud mask. If you have sensitive skin, use white or rose-colored clays.

Use a light antiseptic night cream from time to time if you wish, and apply a clarifying mask one or two times a week.

Choose cosmetic and facial care products specifically designed for oily skin.

Before applying makeup, use an antiseptic day cream with active ingredients that diminish sebaceous secretions. Look for benzine peroxide in the list of active ingredients.

Use a light antiseptic night cream from time to time if you wish, and apply a clarifying mask one or two times a week.

Natural Skincare

Half an hour before taking your bath apply on your face half teaspoon each of lime and cucumber juice mixed together.

If your skin is excessively oily, mix in a few drops of ude cologne. This not only helps keep oiliness away but also helps in refining the pores of the skin by acting as astringent, thereby preventing acne.

To prevent the problem of your makeup becoming patchy either on the forehead, chin or nose due to excessive oiliness in these areas, apply a little cucumber juice on the excessively oily parts of your face, dry thoroughly and then apply your makeup.

If your whole face turns patchy after makeup is applied on it, then apply equal parts of lime juice and witch-hazel. Dry well before putting on your makeup.

Choose an astringent that contains acetone, which is known for dissolving oil. Strong astringents will do more harm than good, stimulating an overproduction of oil.

To clear away excess oil, use a clay or mud mask. Blend together well 1 teaspoon green clay powder and 1 teaspoon raw honey. Apply the mixture to your face, avoiding the eye area. Leave it on for fifteen minutes, then rinse well with lukewarm water. Do this at least three times a week--or more.

Once or twice daily, mix equal parts of lemon juice and water together. Pat mixture on your face and allow it to dry, then rinse with warm water. Follow with a cool-water rinse.

Diet for Oily Skin

Take a diet rich in proteins but restricted in sugar, fluids and salt.

Take plenty of leafy green vegetables and fresh fruits.

Have your blood brought up to par by the suitable administration of necessary vitamins, iron and similar substances.

Even a slight deficiency in vitamin B2 can cause oily skin. Nutritional yeast, wheat germ and organ meats provide both vitamin B5 and vitamin B2. Other good sources of vitamin B2 are whole grains, beans, nuts, and royal jelly. Buckwheat, black beans and whole rice are excellent to supply the body with iron and rejuvenate pate skin.

Drink plenty of quality water to keep the skin hydrated and flush out toxins.

Reduce the amount of fat in your diet. Avoid pork and fried and highly seasoned foods. Consume no animal fats, or heat-processed vegetable oils.

Do not cook with oil. Do not eat any oils that have been subjected to heat, whether in processing or cooking. If a little oil is necessary, such as in salad dressing, use cold-pressed canola or olive oil only.

Do not drink soft drinks or alcoholic beverages. Avoid sugar, chocolate, and junk food.

ACNESKIN

2009-01-18T08:13:00.000-08:00

What is acne? What are the different types of acne?

Acne (acne vulgaris, common acne) is not just a problem for teenagers; it can affect people from ages 10 through 40. It is not unusual for women, in particular, to develop acne in their mid- to late-20s, even if they have not had breakouts in years (or ever). On the positive side, those few individuals who have acne into their 40s may well grow out of it. Acne can appear on the skin as any of the following:

These blemishes occur wherever there are many oil (sebaceous) glands, mainly on the face, chest, and back.

You can do a lot to treat your acne using products available at a drugstore or cosmetic counter that do not require a prescription. However, for tougher cases of acne, you should consult a physician for treatment options.

What causes acne?

No one factor causes acne. Acne happens when oil (sebaceous) glands come to life around puberty, stimulated by male hormones from the adrenal glands of both boys and girls. Sebum (oil) is a natural substance which lubricates and protects the skin, and under certain circumstances, cells that are close to the surface block the openings of sebaceous glands and cause a buildup of oil underneath. This oil stimulates bacteria (which live on everyone's skin and generally cause no problems) to multiply and cause surrounding tissues to become inflamed.Inflammation near the skin's surface produces a pustule; deeper inflammation results in a pa pule (pimple); deeper still and it's a cyst. If the oil breaks though to the surface, the result is a "whitehead." If the oil accumulates melanin pigment or becomes oxidized, the oil changes from white to black, and the result is a "blackhead." Blackheads are therefore not dirt, and do not reflect poor hygiene.

Here are some factors that don't usually cause acne, at least by themselves:

Heredity: With the exception of very severe acne, most people do not have the problem exactly as their parents did. Almost everyone has some acne at some point in their life.

Food: Parents often tell teens to avoid pizza, chocolate, greasy and fried foods, and junk food. While these foods may not be good for overall health, they don't cause acne or make it worse. Although some recent studies have implicated milk and dairy products in aggravating acne, these findings are far from established.

Dirt: As mentioned above, "blackheads" are oxidized oil, not dirt. Sweat does not cause acne, therefore, it is not necessary to shower instantly after exercise for fear that sweat will clog pores. On the other hand, excessive washing can dry and irritate the skin.

Stress: Some people get so upset by their pimples that they pick at them and make them last longer. Stress, however, does not play much of a direct role in causing acne.

Hormones: Some women break out cyclically, but most women (and men) don't. Some oral contraceptive pills may help relieve acne, but unless a woman has abnormal menstrual periods and excessive hair growth, it's unlikely that hormones play much of a role in causing acne. Pregnancy has a variable effect on acne; some women report that they clear up completely, and others get worse, while many others see no overall change.

Cosmetics: Most cosmetic and skin-care products are not pore-clogging ("comedogenic"). Of the many available brands, those which are listed as "water-based" or "oil-free" are generally a better choice.

In occasional patients, the following may be contributing factors:

Pressure: In some patients, pressure from helmets, chinstraps, collars, suspenders, and the like can aggravate acne.

Drugs: Some medications may cause or worsen acne, such as those containing iodides, bromides, or oral or injected steroids (either the medically prescribed prednisone or the steroids that bodybuilders or athletes take). Other drugs that can cause or aggravate acne are anticonvulsant medications and lithium, which is used to treat bipolar disorder. Most cases of acne, however, are not drug-related.

FACEMASSAGE

2009-01-18T08:07:00.000-08:00

Face And Head Massage:

The Face Massage and Head Massage is a particularly pleasurable experience- most people will be surprised at the amount of tension they hold here, particularly around the jaw.There is not usually time for a full face and head massage as part of a full-body massage.You might like to try it on its own or in combination with a back and shoulder massage.

Face:
Massage Steps:
1.Cup hands around the head, with thumbs resting on the forehead and fingertips at the temples.Smooth out the forehead in strips-starting along the eyebrows, working up toward the hairline.
2.Press between the eyebrows with your thumbs.Repeat, moving up the center of the forehead to the hairline.
3.Massage temples, using circular motion with fingers.Continue circles down along the jawbone to the chin.
4.Using your fingertips, draw a line under the cheekbone and out to the temples.Repeat, taking the line lower down the cheek each time.
5.Use the fingertips to draw a big mustache shape from the upper lip out to the temples, and circle the temples one more time.
6.Press softly around the upper bone of the eye sockets, starting from the bridge of the nose, out to the corner of the eye.Repeat, this time working carefully around the eye socket under the eyes.
7.Gently massage the ears between your thumbs and fingers, starting at the earlobe and moving around and up to the top of the ear.
8.Pull ears very gently, again starting with the lobe and moving gradually to the top of the ear.
9.Cup hands and rest them over the eyes(it's best to warn your partner before you do this).Ask your partner to breathe in and out deeply several times.Release the hands.

Massage Don'ts:

The throat is another vulnerable area of the body.Although the sides and back of the neck can be massaged, avoid working directly across the throat itself.
The face is naturally more oily than the other parts of the body.Unless the receiver has particularly dry skin, you will not need to add extra oil at this stage.

Head:
Massage Steps:
1.Cup forehead in hands once more and press in the middle of the forehead at hairline.Continue pressing upward to the crown of the head.
2.Supporting the head in the hands and with fingers at the base of the skull, massage the entire scalp.
3.Draw fingers lightly through the hair several times, and off at the crown.

Massage Tips:

If your partners hair is very thick, avoid the possibility of getting your fingers caught in tangles by drawing your fingers over the top of the hair instead.

*********************************************

NAILPOLISH

2009-01-18T07:36:00.000-08:00

Nail polish or nail varnish is a lacquer that is applied to the nails of both the fingers and toes, usually cosmetically, but also as protection for the nails. The act of simply polishing the nails without applying a chemical layer after wards i

HistorY

Nail polish seems to have been originated by the Chinese around 3000 B.C. The Japanese and Italians are thought to have been the first ones to actually use nail polish.^[^{citation needed]} The Chinese used a colored lacquer, made from a combination of Arabic gum, egg whites, gelatin and beeswax. They also used a mixture consisting of mashed rose, orchid and impatiens petals combined with alum.^{[citation needed]} This mixture, when applied to nails for a few hours or overnight, leaves a color ranging from pink to red. The Egyptians used reddish-brown stains derived from the henna plant to color their nails as well as the tips of their fingers. Today, some people still use henna dyes to draw intricate, temporary designs on their hands in a practice known as Mehndi. Chou Dynasty of 600 B.C., Chinese royalty often chose gold and silver to enhance their nails. A fifteenth-century Ming manuscript cites red and black as the colors chosen by royalty for centuries previous.^{[citation needed]} The Egyptians also used nail color to signify social order, with shades of red at the top. Queen Nefertiti, wife of the king Akhenaton, colored her finger and toe nails ruby red; Cleopatra favored a deep rust red.^{[citation needed]} Women of lower rank who colored their nails were permitted only pale hues. Incas were known for decorating their fingernails with pictures of eagles.^{[citation needed]} It is unclear how the practice of coloring nails progressed following these ancient beginnings. Portraits from the 17th and 18th centuries include shiny nails.^[1]. By the turn of the 19th century, nails were tinted with scented red oils and polished or buffed with a chamois cloth, rather than simply painted.^[2] In addition, English and US 19th century cookbooks contained directions for making nail paints. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, women still pursued a polished, rather than painted, look by massaging tinted powders and creams into their nails, then buffing them shiny.^[2] One such polishing product sold around this time was Graf’s Hyglo nail polish paste.^[2] Some women during this period painted their nails using a clear, glossy varnish applied with camel-hair brushes.^[2] When automobile paint was created around 1920, it inspired the introduction of colored nail enamels.^[2] Nail polish contains nitrocellulose which is available in many different grades and is measured by viscosity. Nail grade nitrocellulose should be used for nail polish, as opposed to industrial grade which is available for use in furniture finishes, auto-paints and other various non-cosmetic lacquer finishes. Nail polish manufacturers are known to use industrial grade nitrocellulose covertly to save money, as it is half the price of the nail grade nitro. Cosmetic companies should be aware of this practice when they are choosing a pan manufacturer.

Constituents

Pink nail polish

Most nail polishes are made of nitrocellulose dissolved in a solvent (e.g. butyy acetate or ethyl acetate) and either left clear or colored with various pigments. Basic components included are: film forming agents, resins and plasticizers, solvents, and coloring agents. Adhesive polymers (e.g. tosy lamide-formaldehyde resin) ensure the nitrocellulose adheres to the nail's surface. Plasticizers (e.g. camphor) are chemicals that link between polymer chains, spacing them to make the film sufficiently flexible after drying. Pigments and sparkling particles (e.g. mica) add desired color and reflecting characteristics. Thickening agents (e.g. stearal konium hectorite) are added to maintain the sparkling particles in suspension while in the bottle. Ultraviolet stabilizers (e.g. benozophenone-1) resist color changes when the dry film is exposed to direct sunlight.

Nail polish makers have been under pressure to reduce or eliminate potentially toxic ingredients, including phthalates, toluene, and formaldehyde, from their nail polish.^[3]^[4] In September 2006, several makers agreed to phase out dibutyl phthalate, which has been linked to testicular problems in lab animals and humans, in updated formulations.^[4] Though some makers recently agreed to eliminate formaldehyde from their products, others still use the chemical.^[3]

A recent (ca. 2003) development is water-based nail polish, which is based on an acrylic polymer emulsion (e.g. styrene-acrylate copolymer), and pigments similar to those used in watercolor paints.^{[citation needed]} This is marketed as a more environmentally-conscious product, since nail polish is considered a hazardous waste by some regulatory bodies (e.g. Los Angeles Department of Public Works)^[5] In this application, the solvent (water) does not completely evaporate as in the case of the traditional nail polish; part of the water is absorbed through the fingernail.

Nail polish in fashion

Nail polish is traditionally worn by women, but it is gaining popularity with men as well, who may apply it to their fingernails, toenails, or both. Guitarist John Mayer is credited with starting the trend after appearing on the Grammy (tm) Awards sporting black nails.

Traditional colors for nail polish are red, pink and brown, although it can now be found in nearly every color and shade desired. French manicures traditionally mimic the color of natural nails, with a clear polish on most of the nail and a white finish at the tips. Black and other dark nail polish shades have been popular with goths and punks of both genders since the 1970s, however it has now gained popularity in the mainstream fashion world. Nail polish may also be used to complete an outfit. In this case, women, and occasionally men, match the color of the nail polish to the colors of the clothing.

Some men also wear nail polish (typically fingernail polish). Musicians, particularly of the rock & metal genres including.

Nail polish is easily removed with nail polish remover, which is basically an organic solvent but may also include oils, scents and coloring. Nail polish remover comes in a variety of different packages including individual felt pads soaked in remover, a bottle of liquid remover that can be used with a cotton ball and even containers filled with foam and remover that can be used by inserting a finger into the container and twisting until the polish comes off.

The base solvent in nail polish remover is usually acetone or ethyl acetate. Acetonitrile has also been used in the past, but is more toxic: two cases have been reported of accidental poisoning of young children by acetoni trile-based nail polish remover, one of which was fatal.^[7]^[8] Acetonitrile has been banned in cosmetics (including nail polish removers) in the European Economic Area since.

LIPGLOSS

2009-01-18T07:29:00.000-08:00

Lip gloss is a cosmetic product used primarily to give lips a mildly glossy luster and sometimes subtle color. It is distributed as a liquid or a soft solid (not to be confused with lip balm, which generally has medicinal purposes). It can be completely clear, translucent, or various shades of opacity, including frosted, glittered, and metallic looks.

The first commercially available lip gloss was Max Factor's X-Rated, launched in 1932. The original formula was sold up until 2003, when Procter and Gamble retired the product.

Lip gloss in a tube and wand applicator format

Like lipstick, lip gloss comes in a variety of forms and may be applied in different ways. It can be contained in a small cylindrical bottle and applied with a rounded or sloped applicator wand (known as a deer foot applicator), be applied with a built in lip brush, or a small tube designed for application with the fingertip. Solid glosses come in boxes and tubes, sometimes blurring the distinction between lip gloss and lip balm.

New types of lip gloss contain plumper which make the lip appear fatter. These are a cheap, easy, and harmless alternatives to collagen, Restylane, Juvederm, and/or fat injections, but are often not as effective. The effects are temporary and short-lasting.

Lip gloss is usually used as a cosmetic, however, some offer moisturizing benefits or protection from the elements and other natural causes. Lip gloss containing sunscreen was first advertised by actress Lillian Gish.^{[citation needed]}. Bonne Bell introduced the first flavored lip gloss, Lip Smackers, in 1973. BORBA cosmecuticals and Tarte cosmetics were the first to introduce nutraceutical lip gloss to the market in 2005 providing antioxidants benefits to nourish lips as a nutritional supplement. Natural makeup companies have made progress in creating lip gloss with mainly natural ingredients except for preservatives.

Lip gloss is a good product to use when a person wants to have some color on her lips, but does not want an intense, solid lip color effect (i.e. a more "made-up" look), as lipstick would create. Lip gloss is also often used as a sort of introduction to makeup. It's often used by preteen and young teenage girls who want to wear some makeup, but who think (and/or whose mothers think) that they're a bit too young to wear a more intense lipstick color.

Overall presentation is a chief part of the marketing and selling of lip gloss. Different packaging is designed for different age groups. A packaging with bright colors and illustrations would be suited for younger customers, whereas medical lip gloss is presented in a simple manner and would be more popular with those of teenagers and adults.

Lip gloss can be used with lipstick to create different effects. A clear, simple lip gloss (i.e. one with no color, metallic effect or glitter) can be worn over a non-frosty (i.e. a "creme") lipstick to make it shiny (e.g. '50's actress Marilyn Monroe used to do this). Clear lip gloss can also be mixed with any lipstick color to make colored glosses. In this case, a bit of lipstick is applied to the lips with a lip brush, and the clear gloss is applied on top of the lipstick. Finally, a lipstick can be used to give more definition to lips that are made up with lip gloss. In this case, the lip gloss is applied, and a lipstick of a similar (but slightly darker) shade is applied (with a lip brush) to line the lips, as a lip pencil would. The line must be thin and soft, and the shape of the lips can be changed slightly in this way (but only slightly, or else the effect will look funny).

It is also possible to create types of lip gloss in the home. This can be done using a variety of ingredients of different qualities or costs, depending on the desired results.

BLUSHON

2009-01-18T06:27:00.000-08:00

Cosmetics company have defined art of color and texture with trend setting colors and precision formulas that flatter faces of all ages.Created Italian makeup artist Rosy Armani.Faces look brighter and younger with the natural blush of the Blush on bubbles fearing moisturizing vegetate. and Lanolin oils that help skin stay supple and soft.Smooth and silky consistency is smudge proof and long-lasting.Pertly color pink shade flatters all skin tones.

MASCARA

2009-01-18T06:15:00.000-08:00

Mascara is a cosmetics used to darken lighten or colour lashes, also it can be used to thicken, lenghthen and define eyelashes. Mascara comes in three forms: liquid, cake, and cream. It also comes in many formulas, tints, and colours. The general purpose of mascara is to define, thicken, lengthen, and emphasise lashes. Mascara is available with tube and wand applicators. Ingredients in mascara include water, wax thickeners, film-formers, and preservatives. Mascara brushes can be straight or curved, to curl eye lashes, with fine or thick bristles. Some mascara wands contain rayon or nylon fibers to length eyelashes.

History

The first mascara product was invented by Eugene Rimmel in the 19th century. The word "rimmel" still means "mascara" in several languages, including Portuguese (rímel), Turkish (rimel), Romanian (rimel), Dutch (rimel), Persian (rimel) etc.

The woman's eye has had mascara applied to the lashes for a fuller effect

The word mascara derives from the Italian maschera, which means "mask"^[1]from Middle Latin masca or Arabic Maskhara or from Old Occitan masco ^[2]. Modern mascara was created in 1913 by a chemist named T. L. Williams for his sister, Mabel. This early mascara was made from coal dust mixed with Vaseline petroleum jelly. The product was a success with Mabel, and Williams began to sell his new product through the mail. His company Maybelline, a combination of his sister's name and Vaseline, eventually became a leading cosmetics company.

Mascara is used to darken and thicken lashes, and was composed of colorants and carnauba wax. Users wet a brush and rubbed it over the cake, then applied it to the eyes. Mascara is used by women to enhance eyes as well as draw attention to them.

The modern tube and wand applicator was more appealing to the market than the old "cake" mascara. Max Factor was the first to create a mascara with a wand applicator in the product tube, which started the modern mascara products available today.

Composition

Modern mascaras can be divided in two groups: water resistant mascaras (often labeled waterproof) and non-water resistant mascaras.

Water resistant mascaras have a composition based on a volatile solvent (isododecane - an isomer of dodecane), animal-derived waxes (beeswax), vegetal based waxes (carnauba wax, rice bran wax, candelila wax), mineral origin wax (ozokerite, paraffin), pigments (iron oxide, ultramarine) and filmifying polymers. These mascaras do not contain water-sensitive moieties, offering an excellent resistance to tears, sweat or rain. As a result, these mascaras can only be removed with a specific make-up remover, able to dilute the dried mascara film.

Egg whites are often used it coloured mascara.

Non water-resistant mascaras are based on water, soft surfactants (like triethanolamine stearate), animal-derived waxes (beeswax), vegetal based waxes (carnauba wax, rice bran wax, candelilla wax), mineral origin waxes (ozokerite, paraffin), pigments (iron oxide, ultramarine), thickening polymers (gum arabic, hydrophobically modified cellulose) and on preservatives. These mascaras can run under the effect of tears, but are easily removed with some soap and water.

Polymers in a water dispersed form (latexes) can bring some level of water resistance to the group of normally non-water resistant mascaras.

Waterproof mascaras are similar to oil-based or solvent-based paints. Non water-resistant mascaras behave like water based paints. For intermediate water sensitivity, mascaras and latex-based paints (acrylates) contain polymer dispersions.

Use

Mascara may be used on all eyelashes, from inner to outer corners. The mascara wand is dipped into a clean tube of mascara, applied close to the base of the lashes and worked out to the tips. Mascara wands are made of plastic and should never be shared. Mascara can be applied to the top eyelashes for a 'heavy-lidded' look, or to the bottom lashes to widen the eyes. It is usually applied to curled lashes and may be preceded by a lash primer. The desired lengthening effect is achieved by reapplication of the mascara in 2-3 minutes. The moisture in some mascaras and primers can cause lashes to uncurl during application, which is easily solved by using a waterproof mascara with a drier formula.

Mascara that contains nylon fibers can give lashes a fuller and longer appearance because it clings to the lashes like mini extensions. Provitamin B5 in mascara acts as a conditioner for lashes, giving them a softer and more natural feel. For safety and health issues, mascaras should be discarded 3 months after opened.

HATS

2009-01-14T00:18:00.000-08:00

History

Top hats started to take over from the tricorne at the end of the 18th century; a painting by Charles Vernet of 1796, Un Incroyable, shows a French dandy (one of the Incroyables et Merveilleuses) wearing such a hat^[2].

Within twenty years top hats had become popular with all social classes, with even workmen wearing them. At that time those worn by members of the upper classes were usually made of felted beaver fur, while those worn by working men were made of rabbit fur; the generic name "stuff hat" was applied to hats made from fur. The hats became part of the uniforms worn by policemen (who could stand on them to look over walls) and postmen (to give them the appearance of authority); since these people spent most of their time outdoors, their hats were topped with black oilcloth.^[3]

During the early part of the 19th century felted beaver fur was gradually replaced by silk "hatter's plush", though the silk topper met with resistance from those who preferred the beaver hat. A short-lived fad in the 1820s and 1830s was the "Wellington" style of top-hat with concave sides. The peak of the top hat's popularity in the 1840s and the 1850s saw it reach its most extreme form, with ever higher crowns and narrow brims. The stovepipe hat was a variety with straight sides, while one with slightly convex sides was called the "chimney pot".^[4] The stovepipe hat was popularized in the US by Abraham Lincoln during his presidency; it is said that Lincoln would keep important letters inside the hat.

During the middle part of the 19th century the top hat developed from a fashion into a symbol of urban respectability, and this was assured when Prince Albert started wearing them in 1850; the subsequent rise in popularity of the top hat led to a decline in beaver hats, sharply reducing the size of the beaver-trapping industry in North America.

The nineteenth century is sometimes known as the Century of the Top Hat. The historian James Laver once made the observation that an assemblage of "toppers" looked like factory chimneys and thus added to the mood of the industrial era. In England, post-Brummel dandies went in for flared crowns and swooping brims. Their counterparts in France, known as the “Incroyables,” wore top hats of such outlandish dimensions that there was no room for them in overcrowded cloakrooms until Antoine Gibus came along in 1823 and invented the collapsible top hat. Such hats are often called an opera hat, though the term can also be synonymous with any top hat, or any tall formal men's hat. In the 1920s they were also often called high hats.

However, at its peak in popularity a reaction developed against the top hat, with the middle classes adopting bowler hats and soft felt hats such as fedoras, which were more convenient for city life, as well as being suitable for mass production. In comparison, a top hat needed to be handmade by a skilled hatter, with few young people willing to take up what was obviously a dying trade. The top hat became associated with the upper class, becoming a target for satirists and social critics. By the end of World War I it had become a rarity in everyday life. It continued to be used for formal wear, with a Morning dress in the daytime and with evening clothes (dress coat) until the late 1930s (the top hat is featured as one of the original tokens in the board game Monopoly.)

The top hat persisted in certain areas, such as politics and international diplomacy, for several more years. In the newly-formed Soviet Union, there was a fierce debate as to whether its diplomats should follow the international conventions and wear a top hat, with the pro-toppers winning the vote by a large majority.

Top hats are associated with stage magic, in particular the hat trick. In 1814, the French magician Comte became the first conjurer on record to pull a white rabbit out of a top hat.^[5] though this is also attributed to the much later John Henry Anderson.^[6]

Top hats also appear as a form of party hat and are popular amongst persons in the gothic subculture.

Top hats in the present

Top hats are not often worn as daily wear and are normally only used at weddings or other unusual social occasions, such as formal races, first speeches by politicians, or as court dress. The standard top hat is a hard, black silk hat, with fur now often used. The acceptable colours of hats are much as they have traditionally been, with so-called white hats (which are grey), a daytime racing colour, worn at the less formal occasions demanding a top hat, such as Royal Ascot, or with a morning suit.

The collapsible silk opera hat, or crush hat, always black, is still worn on occasions worn with evening wear as part of white tie,^[8] and is still made by a few companies, since the materials, satin or grosgrain silk, are still available. The other alternative hat for eveningwear is the normal hard shell.^[9]

Thomas Lister, 4th Baron Ribblesdale, 1890 (Sargent)

The standard black hats, once bought in different weights, from 'town weight' to 'hunting weight', are rarely owned in specific weights and styles.Top hats are often now connected with the past, as many have not seen one worn in real life not as part of a costume, when it might be worn for example by characters from Dickens' novels. Some of the notable modern associations of the top hat include:

CUFFKILNKS

2009-01-04T07:14:00.000-08:00

Do sometimes look down to your wrists and see your bland shirt cuffs and feel that there is definitely something vitally important missing from the picture? You would be right! If your shirt’s cuffs are looking bland then they are in dire needs of dressing up. Fortunately there is a perfect and magnificent solution to the bland cuff dilemma. And if you were ever looking for a reason to spoil yourself with something that is essential but also glamorous then a great set of cuff links is as much for you as they are for your under dressed shirt cuffs.Typically you choose your shirts and cuff links by matching them up by well co-ordinated colour. However you should not feel prescribed by sticking to usual colour combinations. The greatest benefit of mixing and matching your shirt to your cuff links is that you will maximise and get the best from your cuff links. You will find that it is like having a new wardrobe as your shirts will have different looks and new appeals about them that were previously undiscovered. You may have bought a set of cuff links to match a particular shirt but do not feel limited to only wear the two together, try out new shirt combinations and new cuff link combination with each of your shirts too. Cuff links are extremely versatile items of jewellery. You will be amazed at some of the resulting and great new combinations.

And remember you don’t always have to take your style or fashion too seriously, mix it up, have fun and always be sure to enjoy whatever you are wearing. With a set of cuff links that speaks to your personality and even reflects your sense of humour you can create a unique and very individual style. This extra injection of life into your outfit will be noticed and your personality will shine through even more because of it. So go for an unusual set of cuff links. Maybe go for something bold in its design and bright in its colour. By having a couple of fun and flavour filled cuff links in your collection you can at anytime choose to mix up a sophisticated suit with a touch of vibrant personality. Or why not go for a themed set of cuff links. Just because you are wearing a suit does not mean that you have to become one. You are much more than your clothing and your job so breakout a little with a set of themed cuff links that speak to your personal loves or interests. If you are technology man then go for a set of iPod style designed cuff links. If you are into gadgets then the perfect pair of cuff links for your is an actual working pair of compass cuff links.

Cuff links are about style and extremely good fashion sensibility, they are made and designed to be enjoyed and to be worn by the discerning man who knows how to combine classiness with the everyday. So find your favourite sets of cufflinks and don’t hold back on the mixing and matching to keep your look fresh and exciting.

TIES

2009-01-02T07:48:00.000-08:00

Ties are main part of men;s dress but now a days ladies are to use .It wear on trousers shirt or dress shirt. Men wear on party or in offices .Ladies wear in offices. Some schools are allow for students .It has tow size bow tie or long ties.Its size are change some time .Some time is its narrow or some time is broad.It has many colors or styles.Bow tie wear at night in hotels or clubs.Some time waters are wear it. {CARING OF TIES} Hang up your ties, it helps take out some of the wrinkles. Knit ties can be stretched when hung, so gently roll them up and store them on a drawer.Hang ties up on a rock designed for the purpose. Ties slip and twist on hangers, and will probably fall off. Rolling up the tie from the narrow end first and leaving it for a couple of days will remove wrinkles in the tie . Storing ties out of the light prevents fading. For traveling, loosely roll ties and place them inside a pair of socks or use tie case. Cut any loose threads on your tie .Pulling them can do major damage to your tie. Don,t wear the same tie in a raw,ties need time to return to its normal shape. Always un knot your tie when you are not wearing. It leaving it knotted can damage the tie and cause create permanent wrinkles. Steam your tie, try to avoid ironing your tie. Do not rub saains, it causes fabric abrasion and loss of color.

JEANS

2009-01-02T01:08:00.000-08:00

Fashion repeats itself as much as history and it is a skinny revolution now with skinny jeans piping hot this season.Are you raiding your husband's wardrobe everyday for those extra large shirts that don;t fit you?.Are you in a mess for those clothes that are too large or too tight for you outfit?.Jeans are pants or trousers.Mainly designed for worker;they become popular among teenage starting in the 1950.Today jeans are very popular form of casual dress around the world and come in many styles and colors Jeans can be worn very loose in a manner that completely conceals the shape of the wearer's lower body, or they can be snugly fitting and accent hole the lady.Histories photographs indicate that in the decades before they become a staple of fashion,jeans generally fit quite loosely, much like a pair of bib overall without the bib. Recycled blue jeans is become a popular insulation materiel used in the construction of houses. Due to its low relative synthetic chemical composition and because it is made of recycled materials, it is going prominence in green building circles like conventional insulation, it moderates heat transfer and redness sound transfer between floors and rooms. Jeans are very like kids younger and all ages.Jeans are in dark and light colors dark blue withe off withe green.Many people like dark blue color.

CONTACT LENS

2008-12-12T07:08:00.000-08:00

HISTORY Leonardo da vinci is frequently credited with introducing the general principle of contact lenses in his 1508 Codex of the eye, Manual D, where he described a method of directly altering corneal power by submerging the eye in a bowl of water. Leonardo, however, did not suggest his idea be used for correcting vision—he was more interested in learning about the mechanisms of accommodation of the eye .In 1801, while conducting experiments concerning the mechanisms of accommodation, scientist Thomas Young constructed a liquid-filled "eyecup" which could be considered a predecessor to the contact lens. On theeyecup base, Young fitted a microscope eyepiece. However, like Leonardo's, Young's device was not intended to correct refraction errors.In 1999, an important development was the launch of the first silicone hydrogels onto the market. These new materials encapsulated the benefits of silicone—which has extremely high oxygen permeobility—with the comfort and clinical performance of the conventional hydrogels which had been used for the previous 30 years. These lenses were initially advocated primarily for extended (overnight) wear although more recently, daily (no overnight) wear silicone hydrogels have been launched.

A contact lens (also known simply as a contact) is a corrective,cosmetic, or therapeutic lens usually placed on the cornea of the eye. Modern soft contact lenses were invented by the Czech chemists otto wichterle andDrahoslav lim, who also invented the first gel used for their production.

Corrective contact lenses

A corrective contact lens is a lens designed to improve vision. In many people, there is a mismatch between the refractive power of the eye and the length of the eye, leading to a refraction error. A contact lens neutralizes this mismatch and allows for correct focusing of light onto the retina. Conditions correctable with contact lenses include near (or short) sightedness (myopia), far (or long) sightedness (hypermetropia), astigmatism and presbyopia. wearers must usually take their contact lenses out every night or every few days, depending on the brand and style of the contact. Recently there has been renewed interest in orthokeratology, the correction of myopia by deliberate overnight flattening of the cornea, leaving the eye without contact lens or eyeglasses correction during the day.

For those with certain color deficiencies, a red-tinted "X-Chrom"contact lens may be used. Although the lens does not restore normal color vision, it allows some colorblind individuals to distinguish colors better.A cosmetic contact lens is designed to change the appearance of the eye. These lenses may also correct the vision, but some blurring or obstruction of vision may occur as a result of the color or design. In the United States, the FDA frequently calls non-corrective cosmetic contact lenses decorativ.

By wear time

A daily wear contact lens is designed to be removed prior to sleeping. An extended wear (EW) contact lens is designed for continuous overnight wear, typically for 6 or more consecutive nights. Newer materials, such as silicone hydrogels, allow for even longer wear periods of up to 30 consecutive nights; these longer-wear lenses are often referred to as continuous wear (CW). Generally, extended wear lenses are discarded after the specified length of time. These are increasing in popularity, due to their obvious convenience. Extended- and continuous-wear contactlenses can be worn for such long periods of time because of their high oxygen permeability (typically 5-6 times greater than conventional soft lenses), which allows the eye to remain healthy.

Extended lens wearers may have an increased risk for corneal infections and corneal ulcers, primarily due to poor care and cleaning of the lenses, tear film instability, and bacterial stagnation. corneal neovascularization has historically also been a common complication of extended lens wear, though this does not appear to be a problem with silicone hydrogel extended wear. The most common complication of extended lens use is conjunctivitis, usually allergic orgiant papillary conjunetiv.

Complications

complications due to contact lenswear affect roughly 4% of contact lens wearers each year.^[40] Excessive wear of contact lenses, particularly overnight wear, is associated with most of the safety concerns.^[2] Problems associated with contact lens wear may affect the eyelid, the conjunctive, the various layers of the cornea, and even the tear film that covers the outer surface of the eye.

Studies conducted on side effects from long-term wearing of contact lenses, i.e. over 5 years, such as by Zuguo Liu PhD, MD and Stephen C. Pflugfelder MD: "The effects of long-term contact lens wear on corneal thickness, curvature, and surface regularity", Ophthalmology , Volume 107 , Issue 1 , Pages 105 - 111, concludes that: Long-term contact lens wear appears to decrease the entire corneal thickness and increase the corneal curvature and surface irregularity.

Usage

Before touching the contact lens or one's eyes, it is important to thoroughly wash and rins hand with a soap that does not contain moisturzers or allergens such as fragrances. The soap should not beantibacterial due to risk of improper hand washing and the possibility of destroying the natural bacteria found on the eye. These bacteria keep pathogenic bacteria from colonizing the cornea. The technique for removing or inserting a contact lens varies slightly depending upon whether the lens is soft or rigid.

Care

Lens cover to store contact lens

While daily disposable lenses require no cleaning, other types require regular cleaning and disinfecting in order to retain clear vision and prevent discomfort and infections by various microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, and Acomthamoeba, that form abiofilm on the lens surface. There are a number of products that can be used to perform these tasks:

WATCHES

2008-12-12T05:57:00.000-08:00

A watch is atimepice that is made to be worn on a person. The term now usually refers to a wristwatch, which is worn on the wrist with a strap or bracelat . In addition to the time modern watches often display the day, date, month and year, and electronic watches may have many other functions.

Most inexpensive and medium-priced watches used mainly for timekeeping are electronic watches with quartz movements. Expensive, collectible watches valued more for their workmanship and aesthetic appeal than for simple timekeeping, often have purely mechanical movements and are powered by springs, even though mechanical movements are less accurate than more affordable quartz movements.

A movement in watchmaking is the mechanism that measures the passage of time and displays the current time (and possibly other information including date, month and day). Movements may be entirely mechanical, entirely electronic (potentially with no moving parts), or a blend of the two. Most watches intended mainly for timekeeping today have electronic movements, with mechanical hands on the face of the watch indicating the time.Some electronic watches are also powered by the movement of the wearer of the watch. Kinetic powerd quartz watches make use of the motion of the wearer's arm turning a rotating weight, which turns a generator to supply power to charge a rechargeable battery that runs the watch. The concept is similar to that of self-winding spring movements, except that electrical power is generated instead of mechanical spring tension.solar powered watches are powered by light. A photovoltic cell on the face (dial) of the watch converts light to electricity, which in turn is used to charge a rechargeable battery or capacitor. The movement of the watch draws its power from the rechargable battery or capacitor. As long as the watch is regularly exposed to fairly strong light (such as sunlight), it never needs battery replacement, and some models need only a few minutes of sunlight to provide weeks of energy.Since the advent of electronic watches that incorporate small computers, digital displays have also been available. A digital display simply shows the time as a number, e.g., 12:40 AM instead of a short hand pointing towards the number 12 and a long hand pointing towards the number 8 on a dial.All watches provide the time of day, giving at least the hour and minute, and usually the second. Most also provide the current date, and often the day of the week as well. However, many watches also provide a great deal of information beyond the basics of time and date. Some watches include alarms.Wristwatches are often treated as jewelry or as collectible works of art rather than as timepieces. This has created several different markets for wristwatches, ranging from very inexpensive but accurate watches intended for no other purpose than telling the correct time, to extremely expensive watches that serve mainly as personal adornment or as examples of high achievement in miniaturization and precision mechanical engineering.

FAMILY JEWELRY

2008-12-11T03:45:00.000-08:00

Pearl necklace is one of the best gifts to your girl friend, your wife or any women who wants to impress. Pearl necklaces are often a family heirloom, and many brides wear them on their wedding days. As we know, the size and color affect the price. Except pearl size and pearl color, luster, Nacre thickness and Shape are the factors affect the price too. More bigger, more expensive. So when you want to choose a pearl necklace as a gift, you need to look at several factors: Which color and shape of pearl necklace you prefer Which type of pearl necklace that you want to purcha.Perhaps some of the most intimate pieces of jewelry are gold lockets. They’re at the same level as wedding bands, engagement rings, and family hairlooms. After all, there are no other kinds of jewelry that are more suited for carrying your loved ones closest to your heart—both literally and figuratively—than gold lockets. Gold lockets are very special in three ways—the metal with which they are made is precious; they’re usually beautifully done; and lastly, they can be personalized with engraving and pictures. Gold lockets are more than pieces of jewelry that are worn for adornment; they’.Many people, especially women love to wear all sorts of accessories to accentuate their clothing and appearance. One of woman’s prized possessions is her jewelries. There are many kinds of jewelry and one of the most popular trends nowadays is photo jewelry. What is it anyway? Photo jewelry is having your photo or an image inserted in the pendant as part of the design. You can give it to your friends or family to have a customized appeal. Many people have preferred photo jewelry these days because aside from its unique appearance.Popularity of personalized jewelry is increasing day by day. Nowadays people are being more and more fashion oriented and open to experiment with their looks and style. This changing attitude of people is one of the helping factors in increasing popularity of personalized jewelry. Although personalized jewelry products have been used in various aspects, but the most important and popular use of personalized jewelry products is as gifts on various occasions.

HAIRPINS

2008-12-11T02:52:00.001-08:00

A hair pin or hairpin is a long device used to hold a person's hair in place.

Hairpins made of metal, ivory, bronze, carved wood, etc. were used in ancient Assyria and Egypt for securing decorated hairstyles Such hairpins suggest, as graves show, that many were luxury objects among the Egyptians and later Greeks, Etruscans, and Romans. Major success came in 1901 with the invention of the spiral hairpin by NewZealand inveontor Ernet Godward. This was a predecessor of the hair clip.

The hairpin may be needle-like and encrusted with jewels and ornaments. It often may be more utiliarain—designed to be almost invisible after being inserted into the hairstyle.

Hairpins also may be constructed from different lengths of wire that are bent in half with a u-shaped end and a few kinks along the two opposite portions. The finished pin may vary from two to six inches in final length. The length of the wires enables placement in several styles of hairdos to hold the style in place. The kinks enable retaining the pin during normal movements.

RINGS

2008-12-11T02:47:00.000-08:00

Mankind has believed in the special powers and capabilities of gemstones since many centuries. Gemstones were earlier worn as simple pendants or amulets and supposed to protect the person wearing them from evil forces.

The first rings that were made did not have any gemstones at all. These were silver, gold or copper rings in a flat or rounded style. Gemstone rings gradually evolved and the beliefs in the powers of gemstones spread to rings with gemstones too. Gemstone rings made with these beliefs are common even today. Here are a few popular types of gemstonerings that can be found today.

(1) Birthstone Rings: It is believed that there is a gemstone that represents every month in the year and is thus related to a zodiac sign. Gemstone rings with a birthstone are supposed to bring good luck and ward off evil. Gemstone rings worn as birthstone rings are usually made with a single gemstone.

(2) Anniversary Rings: Similar to birthstones, anniversary rings are made for each year of marriage. The second year of marriage is represented by the garnet gemstone, the tenth year by a diamond ring and so on. Anniversary gem stone rings are a bit more fancy and normally include a few small diamonds to add glitter to the ring too.

(3) Family Birthstone Rings: These are a special category of gemstone rings where, each ring has the birthstone of all the members of the family. These would be a type of multi-gemstone ring. In cases where members of a family are spread in geographically far off places, family birth stone rings provide a kind of spiritual bonding.

(4) Multi Gemstone Rings: As mentioned above, family birthstone rings are a kind of multi gemstonerings. There are other reasons why people make rings with multiple gemstones, it is believed that a combination of gemstones with special powers in the same ring, increases the effectiveness of the gemstones. A simpler reason is that, gemstones rings with multiple gemstones can match with a variety of colored garments.

(5) Wedding and Engagement Rings: The engagement ring is almost always a gemstone ring with diamonds adding accent to it. Made on a comparatively higher budget, gemstone rings for engagements use gemstones like rubies, sapphires, emeralds etc. Wedding rings are made as gemstone rings in a few countries, however most people prefer simple gold or silver bands for wedding rings. The more exotic gemstone rings are created as engagement rings.

(6) Religious and Mythological Rings: A classic example of such a gemstone ring is the 'navratan' ring that is prominent in Hindu mythology. The ring comprises of 9 gemstones, each with a special power of it's own. Thai mythology also has a gemstone ring called the 'nok-phak-kow' ring that has 9 gemstones.

(7) Historical Jewels: The ring that immediately comes to mind is the Claddagh ring with a rich cultural heritage and a legend that dates back to over 300 years. This Irish ring was first made without any gemstone, but designs evolved that combined birthstones with the Claddagh ring.

NEEKLACES

2008-12-11T02:30:00.000-08:00

A necklace is an article of jewelery which is worn around the neck. Necklaces are frequently formed from ametal chain, often attached to a locket or pendat. Necklaces can also be manufactured with cloth, and they sometimes contain rocks (particularly gems), wood, and/or shells with different shapes and sizes.

Necklace have been worn throughout history, by both men and women, and have been used as marks of distinction in many cultures, including the ancient Hebrew culture.Necklaces, handsome and richly ornamented, were a principal part of the dress, both of men and women, among the ancient Egyptians; and some idea of the number of jewels they wore (remarks Sir G. Wilkinson) may be formed from those borrowed by the Is raelites at the time of the Exodus, and by the paintings of Thebes. They consisted of gold or of beads, of various qualities and shapes, disposed according to fancy and enriched with jewels.

Necklaces of gold thickly set with gems were worn by the Greeks and Romans of both sexes. There was a famous necklace of the most costly precious stones upon the statue of Vesta in Rome, to whose vengeance Zosimus attributes the tragic end of Serena, Stilicho's widow, who had despoiled her of it. By the command of Honorius she was strangled.

The necklace taken from the neck of the Hindu King Jaipal, captured by Mahmud (A.D. 1001) was composed of large pearls, rubies, etc., and was valued at two hundred thousand dinars, or a good deal more than a hundred thousand pounds.

Homer mentions a necklace curiously wrought of gold interwined with amber, which Eurymachus presented to Penelope.

EARRINGS

2008-12-11T00:46:00.000-08:00

you can save money by buying lower quality cuts, because it is a feature that few nonprofessionals will notice. You can also try to by less common cuts because they are usually the most affordable diamond earrings. Princess cut diamonds are usually 30% more expensive than emerald cuts, making emerald diamond earring the more affordable diamond earrings.

The color is the natural tint of the diamonds. Diamonds occur naturally in nature and therefore do not always come clear. If you buy diamonds with a little bit of a yellow tint than it is much easier to find affordable diamond earrings Conversely, diamonds full of natural color like pink and red are more expensive and should be avoided when trying to buy affordable diamond earrings.

Clarity is the number of inclusions or imperfections in your diamond earrings Diamonds come from nature with small gas pockets these pockets reflect the light differently than the rest of the diamond. A perfectly clear diamond is very expensive so when looking to buy affordable diamond earrings a few marks inside are perfectly acceptable. Usually these marks are difficult even impossible to see by the naked eye, so they make a great way to get cheaper diamond earrings

Carat is the size of a diamond. A carat is about 200 milligrams, and each carat is broken up into 100 "points". When buying diamonds from a reputable dealer make sure you know the difference between a carat and a point. If you see a deal that is .25 for less than $100 than it is most likely .25 points or not real diamonds. A reputable retailer will be honest with you about the size and will always write ct (the symbol for carat) or ctw/tcw (the symbols for total carat weight). When buying diamond earrings, look for the total carat weight symbol because earrings come in pairs and should have two equal size dianite earrings help you portray and elegant, yet simplistic look when you wear this type of earrings in your ears. Moissanite is not really an imitation diamond, but occurs naturally in nature. Unlike earringscontaining cubic zirconia diamonds, the moissanite earrings contain a stone that is very close to the diamond in appearance and hardness.

You can choose moissanite earrings that dangle from your ears or moissanite stud earrings. Moissanite is very popular in jewellery, especially rings and earrings, because it is very durable. It is resistant to heat, which makes it more brilliant than diamonds. You can have the moissanite cut in the same cuts as diamonds, but it produces sharper facets. This enables it to catch the light and reflect better.

When you wear moissanite earrings, whether they are moissanite stud earrings are hang to your shoulders, every time you turn your head the stones will glisten. It is the perfect alternative to diamonds in stud earrings and it is much cheaper. This fact enables you to have many different styles of these earrings containing moissanite, so you can wear a different pair to each occasion.

Although the color of moissanite earrings falls within the range of I -K color range of diamonds, two fancy varieties of moissanite have been developed. Now you can have moissanite stud earrings in blue, resembling blue diamonds and green, which looks somewhat like tsavorite - a new gemstone discovered in Kenya in the 1960's. Because of the high cost of colored diamonds, earrings with moissanite in one of these colors will make a big splash without costing you a fortune.

When getting moissanite stones cut for earrings, you need to have the stone cut with optic axis perpendicular to the table of the stone. This will minimize the appearance of the stone in moissanite earrings so one cannot tell immediately that it is not a real diamond. With the small stone used in moissanite stud earrings, it is very difficult for an untrained eye to tell the difference.

The dispersive power of moissanite earrings is more than double that of diamonds. While some people feel that this property is really elegant in moissanite earrings, others feel it is a little too much. You really need to compare the moissanite stud earrings to stud earrings containing a diamond and see for yourself if it is what you want. amonds.

BROOCHES

2008-12-11T00:01:00.000-08:00

A brooch (also known in ancient times as a fibula, and not to be confused with broach) is a decorative jewelry item designed to be attached to garments. It is usually made of metal, often silver or gold but sometimes bronze or some other material. Brooches are frequently decorated with enamel or with gemstones and may be solely for ornament (as in the stomacher) or sometimes serve a practical function as a fastening, perhaps for a cloak.

They were usually made of bronze and sometimes of precious metals and infrequently had encrusted gem stones. Eagle fibula, often worn in pairs, commemorate the worship of the Sun, common among the pagan tribes.

Brooches and pins

Classical texts say that Iron Age people dressed themselves in a colourful and decorative style. Across much of Britain and mainland Europe there is evidence for this flamboyancy in the form of brooches, torcs, bracelets and even remnants of fabric. However, fewer such items of personal adornment are known from Iron Age Ireland. The most common form of dress-related object from this period is the brooch. From the position of brooches found in graves in other parts of Europe, it seems that they were mostly used to fasten cloaks or other clothing at the shoulder.

Brooches made in Ireland differed from the types made and worn in other parts of Europe. They include the rod-bow fibulae, and the leaf-bow fibulae. Both types are usually made of cast bronze, although there are a few examples which have been hammered into shape.

People in both Britain and Ireland also wore ring-headed pins. In their simplest form they comprise a single length of bronze cast with a round loop at one end. Some Irish examples of this pin are more ornate, using enamel studs and with the loops sometimes shaped like stylised birds

BRACELET

2008-12-10T23:32:00.000-08:00

A bracelet is an article of jewelry which is worn around the wrist. Bracelets can be manufactured from leather, cloth, hemp, plastic or metal, and sometimes contain rocks, wood, and/or shells. Bracelets are also used for medical and identification purposes, such as allergy bracelets and hospital patient-identification tags.

The history of Egyptian bracelets is as old as 5000 BC. Starting with materials like bones, stones and woods to serve religious and spiritual interests. From the National Geographic Society, the Scarab Bracelet is one of the most recognized symbols of ancient Egypt. The scarab represented rebirth and regeneration. Carved scarabs were worn as jewelry and wrapped into the linen bandages of mummies. Myth told of the scarab god, Khepri, pushing the sun across the sky.

Shell bracelet from a c.1800 BC Nubian mercenary grave

In Latin America, Azabache Bracelets are worn to protect against the Mal de ojo, or evil eye. The evil eye is believed to result of excessive admiration or envious looks by others. Having newborn babies wear an azabache (a gold bracelet or necklace with a black or red coral charm in the form of a fist), is believed to protect them from the evil eye.^[1]

In Bulgaria there is a tradition called Martenitsa which sometimes involves tying a red and white string around the wrist to please Baba Marta to make spring come sooner.

In some parts of India, the number and type of bangles worn by a woman denotes her marital status. ^[2]

A charm bracelet is an item of jewelry worn around the wrist. It carries personal charms: decorative pendants or trinkets which are signifiers of important things in the wearer's life. In recent history, Italian charm bracelets have become trendy. While traditional charms dangle, Italian charms feature individual pieces soldered flat onto the surface of the link. There are even some kinds of bracelets that are said to make dreams come true, depending the color of the charms and beads.Bracelets that are in solid form, usually some metal, are referred to as bangles or bangle bracelets. They can be smooth, textured or set with stones. In India, glass bangles are common. Made from ordinary glass that is about 1/4 - 1/8 inch in width, they are worn in groups so that arm movement causes them to make a pleasant sound rather like the clinking of wind chimes.In the early 1980s, "slap bracelets" -- flat, felt-covered metal strips that curved around one's wrist when gently hit against it -- were a popular fad.Bracelets made from beads are fairly common in Southwestern American Indian Jewelry lore. They are often multi-colored however frequently have a predominance of turquoise

BELTS

2008-12-10T23:05:00.000-08:00

A belt is a flexible band, typically made of leather or heavy cloth, and worn around the waist. A be

Belts have been documented both for male and female clothing since the Bronze Age. Both sexes used them off and on, depending on the current fashion, but it was a rarity in female fashion with the exception of the early Middle Ages, late 17th century Mantua, and skirt/blouse combinations between 1900 and 1910. Art Nouveau belt buckles are now collector's items.

In the militarain periods, particularly the later half of the 19th century and up until the first World War, the belt was strictly a decorative part of the uniform, particularly among officers. In the armed forces of Prussia, Crimea, and other Eastern European nations, it was common for officers to wear extremely tight, wide belts around the waist, on the outside of the uniform. These tightly cinched belts served to draw in the waist and give the wearer a trim physique, emphasizing wide shoulders and a pouting chest. Often the belt served only to emphasize a waist made small by a corset worn under the uniform, a practice which was common especially during the Crimean Wars and was often noted by soldiers from the Western front. Political cartoonists of the day often portrayed the tight waist-cinching of soldiers to comedic effect, and some cartoons survive showing officers being corsetted by their inferiors, a practice which surely was uncomfortable but deemed to be necessary and imposing.

In modern times, men started wearing belts in the 1920s, as trouser waists fell to a lower, natural line. Before the 1920s, belts served mostly a decorative purpose, and were associated with the military. Today it is common for men to wear a belt with their trousers; women tend to wear them for more decorative functions.

Since the mid 1990s, the practice of sagging has been popular at times among young men and boys. This fashion trend consists of wearing the trousers very low on the hips, often exposing the underwear and buttocks of the wearer. This urban style, which has roots tracing to prison gangs^[1]and the prohibition of belts in prison, due to their use as weapons and devices for suicide) has remained popular into the 21st century, particularly among pubescent boys. A belt may or may not be worn with this style - if a belt is used, it is cinched tightly at the mid-buttock region, with the effect that the trousers of the wearer are being held up by genitalia underneath. Many public schools now enforce belt-wearing, often only for the male population, and requiring the belts to be worn tightly at waist level with a tucked-in shirt.

lt supports trousers or other articles of clothing, and it serves for style and decoration.

HAIRTREATMENT

2008-12-04T08:15:00.000-08:00

Ringworm is common among fungal skin infections and involves ringworm symptoms like itching, swelling, scaly skin and baldness. It can be tackled by both natural ringworm remedies and other drugs. However, the best way is to prevent the occurrence of ringworm by remaining hygiene-conscious and avoiding touches of infectious sources.Hair loss treatments are a general term for a number of methods, that are used to restore hair to balding areas of your scalp.The best natural hair loss treatment contains herbs, plant extracts, minerals and vitamins working in unison to replace dead or weak follicles.Hair loss treatments are a general term for a number of methods, that are used to restore hair to balding areas of your scalp.The best natural hair loss treatment contains herbs, plant extracts, minerals and vitamins working in unison to replace dead or weak follicles.Hair loss can be the cause behind great concern for both men and women. Especially women are at a distinct possibility of experiencing lack of confidence when confronted by the problem of thinning hair or hair loss issues.Sure you agree that hair is one of the best decorations of human appearance. It’s like a beautiful frame for your face. And to look better we should care about hair with love, because hair has its own likes and dislikes. For example, hair likes to be brushed every day before sleep for 5-10 minutes in different directions. In reply hair will be thick, bright and easy-styled.It's not easy waking up knowing you've got less hair today then yesterday, and that you might not ever get it back. Ease your mind by learning about thinning hair solutions and how you can use them to stop your hair loss and start regrowth.Today, a lot of attention is being given to plenty of exercise and a balanced diet rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals for those who are looking for good health and vivacity. A good diet does play an important role in overall health and our bodies respond best to natural or organic foods. Natural foods contain a lot of vitamins and minerals and there are no traces of preservatives, process sugars or chemicals. This would then be the healthiest diet we could provide for our bodies.Each one of us goes through stress at some point in our day to day life. Sometimes we come across situations that test our capability of dealing with stress. The daily rush hour traffic to and from work, meeting of deadlines, having to put up with irritating people can all add to stress. This can adversely affect one’s health leading to ulcers and heart problems. Your hair, too, can get affected.Hair loss is as natural as the process of hair growth. It actually marks the completion of the hair growth cycle. It is present across gender and age and majority of us don’t get bothered by hair loss until we experience it ourselves. However, abnormal rate of hair loss is a bit alarming. So why does this happen? Understanding its nature is crucial in undertaking steps to prevent the onset and aggravation of the condition.Choosing the right hair color isn't as easy as picking a color you like. It's important to consider your natural hair color, your skin tone and eye color when choosing a new hair color.

SUNGLASSES

2008-12-03T04:30:00.000-08:00

Sunglasses have darkly tinted lenses to protect the eye from over-exposure to bright light or sunlight. It is necessary to wear sunglasses that comply with Australian Standards 1067 to get the correct eye protection.

There are three different standards from 0 to 4, with 4 offering the best protection and 0 offering none. Expensive sunglasses are not necessarily the best for eye protection. Very often cheaper ones are better - it all depends on that little number. They are particularly useful on the beach or snowfields where the sunlight is reflected by the light-coloured surroundings. Snow can result when skiers or others out on the snow on a sunny day do not wear sunglasses.

Sunglasses came into being during the early 1900s when film stars were filming in the brightly powerful arc lights used on sets. Then after ultraviolet filters were used on the lights, wearing sunnies was still fashionable. They also helped to give famous stars some measure of privacy.

Wearing sunglasses can protect the eyes from more than snow blindness. When eyes are exposed to too much ultraviolet light, cataracts, photo keratitis, pterygium and of the eye can result. It has also been implicated as a cause of .

It is necessary to wear sunglasses that comply with Australian Standards 1067 to get the correct eye protection. Wearing sunglasses can protect the eyes from more than snow blindness. When eyes are exposed to too much ultraviolet light, cataracts, photo keratitis, pterygium and cancer of the eye can result. It has also been implicated as a cause of macular degeneration.
There are three different standards from 0 to 4, with 4 offering the best protection and 0 offering none. Expensive sunglasses are not necessarily the best for eye protection. Very often cheaper ones are better - it all depends on that little number.

WINTER DRESS

2008-12-03T04:11:00.000-08:00

With winter upon us, wouldn’t it be nice to spruce up your wardrobe with a little festive colour. Instead of the usual black and Grey sweaters, cardigans and scarves, how about trying reds, greens and purples?

Think of the festive colours associated with the Christmas season. Lots of greens and purples. Think about the colours you decorate your Christmas trees in, or any of your Christmas decorations. How about applying some of these festive colours to your own unique colour palette?

Having a will help determine which red, green or purple is the best for you to wear. If you have a ‘deep’ colouring, such as Catherine Zeta Jones, a scarlet red, emerald green or royal purple sweater, cardigan or scarf would look amazing on you.

LADIES BAGS

2008-12-03T03:56:00.000-08:00

That ladies who want to look stylish and glamorous, but have only a limited budget, Divasac offers a variety of replica designer handbags and purses. Designer handbags are very expensive and can be worth thousands of dollarsThat ladies who want to look stylish and glamorous, but have only a limited budget, Divasac offers a variety of replica designer handbags and purses. Designer handbags are very expensive and can be worth thousands of dollars.Many ladies do not afford expensive bags so she by any stores.There are many bags in low cost which she buy it. These bags are in different colors and size.Bags are important for every body.Many bags are made by snake skin and other;s animal skins.

HAIR LOSS.

2008-12-02T06:52:00.000-08:00

Common problem is hair lose and it has been estimated that about 50 percent of the populace experience normal hair loss by the time they reach 50years. But care should be taken when hair falls abnormally in large amounts after combing and brushing. It is advisable that one should consult a dermatologist immediately if they encounter frequent hair loss and their hair becomes thin and the scalp could be seen clearly.

Currently it has been found that 40 million Americans are suffering hair loss and so they are seeking hair loss cures. Such abnormal hair loss can be due to several reasons and one of the common reasons is the production of DHT hormones that occurs when hair roots and follicles eventually begin to clog with chemicals and other scalp dirt and oils resulting thinning hair, balding and finally no hair growing at all. The remedy for such problems is to keep your inside free from any kind of toxins and for that you need to have healthy food and enough of water, fiber and roughage. Besides this you will have to take care of hair and the total care gives you the healthy hair. To bring shine and volume to your thin and dull hair add one tablespoon of apple cider vinegar and 2 cups of warm water in a bowl and pour the mixture over freshly shampooed hair. Collect the run-off in a second bowl and pour it over your hair again your hair again, three or four times in a row. Shampooing with this will restore the natural balance of your hair and add shine and softness.

Another reason for hair loss may be due to scalp or fungal diseases that generally happen when sleeping with wet scalps. And the remedy for such hair problems is firstly to ensure that your scalp is always clean. Next it is important that you use cold air blower instead of a hot air blower so as to maintain the moisture of your hair and keep dry your scalp.

There is another scalp disease that develops yellow crusts, accompanied by severe itching, bald spots and a musty odor, on the scalp and is known as Favus is a dirt disease. Remedy follows soaking of the scalp in olive oil for a few days. Carbolic acid is being mixed with it in a weak solution and the hair is pulled out of the most infected areas, the crusts removed, and an antiseptic soap is used for shampooing the whole scalp. However it should be ensured every time that your hair is clean otherwise just imagining how you would look when frequent loss of hair will turn you bald.

MaKE UP

2008-12-01T09:55:00.001-08:00

Most women have yellow based skin. They include most Caucasian and all Asian, Latin and African women. To create a perfectly natural look, women with yellow undertones must select foundations with a yellow base. If you don't, you will end up looking as if you were wearing a mask.

The vast majority regardless of skin color, have yellow undertones, while most foundations on the market have a pink or orange base. Very often, brands that claim to be yellow-based are really orange-based, leaving the skin with a sallow look.The second major headache for makeup artists, is finding one line of foundation, that has shades for all skin colors After applying the right foundation for your skin tone and skin type, you now have the perfect canvas for makeup. Now you can really flaunt your creativity, using your eye, cheek and lip makeup colors to:

Understand that a “natural” look is one that uses colors that are right for your skin tone. How much you use, and where, depends on your personal style.
Make sure your concealer is yellow in tone since it mutes imperfections without adding color, giving your skin a natural look.
Apply foundation that matches your skin tone. The right foundation will seem to disappear on your face. If you are African-American, it’s a good idea to have light, medium and dark shades of your foundation to allow for different gradations of color on different parts of your face.
Apply eye makeup in earthy tones—beige, brown, gold or plum for shadows and brown and charcoal gray for liner and mascara. Skip liner or shadow entirely if you want to keep makeup light.
Choose a blush color that is close to the color of your cheeks after you’ve exercised.

Mastering the art of makeup has never been so easy. At last you can get the makeup looks you want whether you are aiming for dramatic forties glitz, a swinging sixties monochrome effect, pretty pastels, or a natural look.

JEWELERY

2008-12-01T05:41:00.000-08:00

Jewelery is a personal ornament, such as a necklace, ring, or bracelet, made from gemstones, precious metals or other materials.Jewelery is made by gold ,silver,diamond and various other precious metals.
Jewelery is one of the oldest forms of body adornment; recently found 100,000 year-old beads made from Nassarius shells are thought to be the oldest known jewelery there is. During earlier times jewelery was created for uses such as wealth and pinning clothes together, but recently it has been used for decoration. In the early times jewelery was made from natural materials, such as bone, animal teeth, shell, wood and carved stone. Jewelery was often made for people of high importance to show their status.
Jewelery has been made for nearly every part of the body, from hairpins to toe rings and many more types of jewelery. While high-quality is made with gemstones and precious metals, there is also a growing demand for art jewelery where design and creativity is prized above material value. In addition, there is the less-expensive jewelery, made from less-valuable materials and produced on a large scale. New types of jewelery includes wire sculpture jewelery, using anything from base metal wire with rock tumbled stone to precious metals.
Currencies are also made of jewelery but from less expensive materials such as brass for coins. Jewelery was used to identify slaves in the olden times.
Popular stones used for jewelery include diamonds,rubies,sapphire etc.

SHOES

2008-12-01T03:47:00.000-08:00

A shoe is an item of footwear. There is evidence that shoes were worn about 40,000 years ago. Shoes may vary from a simple flip-flop to a complex boot. Shoes may have heels, although high heels are considered a woman's style. A Shoe may be made of leather,synthetic cloth,rubber or even canvas. Athletic shoe soles are sometimes made of rubber.

There are several kinds of shoes;may it be dress shoes or casual.

Dress shoes are categorized by smooth leather uppers, soles, and a narrow sleek figure. Whereas casual shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile.Dress shoes are designed for both genders. The majority of dress shoes have an upper covering, commonly made of leather, enclosing most of the lower foot, but not covering the ankles.

There is a large variety of shoes available for women:Kitten heels,High heels,Sneaker boot,Wedge Sandals,Pumps which are also known as ballerinas being some.

Athletic shoes may be worn by both the genders,such as sneakers,joggers,running shoes or golf.Though they do have color differences according to the gender;pink mostly being the woman's color while men choose to wear other defined such as black . Some shoes are regularly worn by both the genders like sandals and clog's.

Fashion

PERFUME

History

Describing a perfume

Fragrance notes

Olfactive families

Modern

Fragrance wheel

Aromatics sources

Plant sources

Animal sources

Other natural sources

Synthetic sources

LADIES KURTI

Types of Kurtas

CHURIDAR PAJAMA AND KAMEEZ

MENS SHALWAR KURTA

LADIES SHALWAR KURTA

EASTERN GROOM DRESS

The morning suit

Black Tie evening reception

EASTERN WEEDING DRESS

GHAGRA CHOLI

SAREES

WESTERN WEEDING

PUNJABI WEEDING DRESS

MAYOON

MEHNDI

BRIDAL MAKEUP

COSMETICS SURGERY

Plastic surgery

Plastic Surgery and Relationships

COSMETICS SURGERY

PADICURE

MAINECURE

History

Fashion nails

Paraffin treatments

The standard manicure Process

Common manicure tools and supplies

DRYSKIN

Causes

How To Care for Dry Skin

Herbs for Dry Skin

Diet Recommendations for Dry Skin

OILYSKIN

Oily Skin

Causes of Oily Skin

Skin Care for Oily Skin

Diet for Oily Skin

ACNESKIN

What is acne? What are the different types of acne?

What causes acne?

FACEMASSAGE

NAILPOLISH

HistorY

Constituents

Nail polish in fashion

LIPGLOSS

BLUSHON

MASCARA

History

Composition

Use

HATS

History

Top hats in the present

CUFFKILNKS

TIES

JEANS

CONTACT LENS

Corrective contact lenses

By wear time

Complications

Usage

Care

WATCHES

FAMILY JEWELRY

HAIRPINS

RINGS